part 11 Flashcards
sac-like herniation of the lining of the bowel that extends through a defect in the muscle layer
diverticulum
diverticulum can occur anywhere in the intestine but where is it most common?
sigmoid colon
multiple diverticula without inflammation
diverticulosis
infection and inflammation of diverticula
diverticulitis
What is diverticular disease associated with and what are the risk factors?
-risk factors: age obesity inactivity smoking excessive alcohol immunosuppression low fiber diet -uncommon in vegetarian
For diverticular disease what are the diagnostic studies for the history and physical exam?
- testing of stool for occult blood
- CBC
- uranalysis
- barium enema
- sigmoid and/or colonoscopy with biopsy
- blood culture
- CT scan with oral contrast
- abd and/or chest x-ray
- chronic constipation preceding the event
- frequently asymptomatic
- may include bowel irregularities
- nausea
- anorexia
- bloating
- abd distention
diverticulosis
- mild to severe pain in LLQ
- bloating
- flatulence
- N/V
- fever
- chills
- leukocytosis
diverticulitis
What should you ask a pt with diverticular disease?
- ask about onset and duration of pain
- past and present elimination patterns
What is the goal of diverticular disease treatment?
let the colon rest and inflammation subside
What are some long term therapy recommendations for diverticular disease?
- high fiber diet/supplements
- stool softeners
- anticholinergics
- clear liquid diet
- laxatives
- weight reduction
What are some dietary recommendations for a pt with diverticular disease?
fruits and veggies
decreased fat intake
What are the potential complications of diverticular disease?
- perforation
- peritonitis: inflammation of peritoneum, abd pain and tenderness
- abscess formation
- bleeding
What type of suppository can you use as a comfort measure for diverticulitis?
suppositories that contain anesthetics
