PARSING NOUNS/ NOUN RULES

Question 1

When Parsing a noun , You should specify which five things about the word?

Hint*
Parse means to isolate/ make single

C. I. N. G. L.*

Answer 1

Case (nominative accusative)
Inflected meaning
Number (singular plural)
Gender (masc, fem, neut)
Lexical Form ( Nominative singular)

Question 2

PARSING NEUTER NOUNS:
If either nominative or accusative to be safe…

Answer 2

List Both.

Example έργον , is nominative or accusative singular neuter from, έργον meaning “work “

Coming across one of these forms when translating a sentence it is important to see that the word can either be the subject or direct object. Parsing it as nominative/accusative will help you avoid this mistake.

Question 3

Name respectively the declensions in which α/η, ο and
Consonantal stems belong.

Answer 3

α/η -1st Declension (feminine)
*Ladies First
Ο - 2nd Declension (masculine)
Consonantal stems-3rd Declension

Question 4

Almost every neuter word ends in which 2 cases?

Answer 4

Nominative & Accusative Plural

In the second declension( Masculine), the α is the changed stem vowel; in the neuter it is the case ending.

Question 5

In the dative singular, the ι subscripts if possible.

Answer 5

Because an ι can subscript only under a long vowel, it subscripts only in the first and second declensions.

Question 6

Because an ι can subscript only under a long vowel it subscripts only…

Answer 6

in the first and second declensions.

Question 7

Vowels often change their length
This is called an

Answer 7

ABLAUT

EX. Sing, Sang, Sung,
Get, Got, Gat

Question 8

“Contraction” occurs when two vowels meet and form

Answer 8

A different vowel or diphthong.

Examples
λογο + ι → λόγῳ. λογο + ο → λόγου. γραφη + ων → γραφῶν

Question 9

“COMPENSATORY LENGTHENING” occurs when…

Answer 9

a vowel is lengthened to compensate for the loss of another letter. λογο + νς → λόγος → λόγους

Question 10

Whether singular or plural the genitive and dative will always…

Answer 10

masculine and neuter will always be identical.

Question 11

The Square of Stops •
Labials + σ form ψ; velars plus σ form χ; dentals plus σ form σ. • The ντ combination drops out when followed by σ (παντ + ς → πᾶς). • Whatever happens in the nominative singular third declension also happens in the dative plural. σαρκ + σ → σάρξ. σαρκ + σι → σαρξί.

Answer 11

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

Question 12

A τ cannot stand at the end of a word and

Answer 12

will drop off. • When no case ending is used in stems ending in –ματ, the τ drops out. ὀνοματ + –→ ὀνοματ → ὄνομα.

Question 13

AGREEMENT means that the article the article agrees with a word it modifies in…

Answer 13

case, number, and gender. For this reason, unlike nouns, the article can occur in any gender.

In other words, if a noun is nominative, singular, masculine (ἄνθρωπος), the article that modifies it will be nominative, singular, masculine (ὁ).

Question 14

The lexical form of the article is…

Answer 14

the nominative, singular, masculine (ὁ).

As a general rule, the lexical form of any word that occurs in more than one gender is the masculine form

Question 15

(DETECTIVE) One way to approach parsing is to think of it as a detective game. Some case endings occur in only one location. For example, λόγους must be

Answer 15

Accusative plural. It can’t be anything else.

Question 16

(DETECTIVE) A subscripted ι must be

Answer 16

dative singular.

Question 17

(DETECTIVE) Be sure to use your key words when you translate a word in the genitive. Example, the word…

Answer 17

Of. The key word for the genitive is “of.” ἡ δόξα ἀνθρώπου The glory of mankind . Because the genitive can indicate much more than mere possession, you may want to think of it simply as “of + word.”

Question 18

Key Words:

Answer 18

words that are associated with a particular case and that you should put in front of the translation of the actual word. Doing this will help you understand the function of the case.

Question 19

(DETECTIVE) Be sure to use your key words when you translate a word in the DATIVE. Example, the words…

Answer 19

The dative case has a wide range of usage roughly equivalent to the ideas of “to,” “in,” and “with.” In the following examples, τῷ is a dative form of the article.

TO
Then is in the dative case. TO is implied in them. He told the story TO them.

IN
IN couples to water to form the dative

WITH
WITH does this also.