CHAPTER 6 GREEK GRAMAR

Question 1

Indeclinable words are usually these types of words…

Answer 1

Som personal names and words borrowed from other languages.

Question 2

INDECLINABLE MEANS

Answer 2

Their form does not change regardless of their meaning or function in the sentence.

EX: “Israel” is Ἰσραήλ (the same) whether it is the subject or the direct object.

Question 3

STEM-

Answer 3

If you take the case ending off a noun, you are left with the stem. The stem of λόγος is λογο.

λογο———>STEM
(ς)————>CASE ENDING

λογο(ς)

Question 4

NUMBER/ QUANTITY

In terms of quantity ἀπόστολος means…

Answer 4

“Apostle”

STEM——> άπόστολο
CASE ENDING——> ος (MASCULINE SINGULAR )

Question 5

NUMBER/ QUANTITY
In terms of quantity ἀπόστολοι
means…

Answer 5

“Apostles”

STEM——> άπόστολο
CASE ENDING——> οι (MASCULINE PLURAL)

Question 6

DECLENSIONS are different inflectional patterns that English nouns follow in forming their-

Answer 6

PLURAL.

Some add “s,” some add “es,” and others change their stem vowel.

*The pattern a word follows does not affect its meaning, only its form. “Children” and “childs” would mean the same thing, if the latter were actually a word.

Question 7

How many inflectional patterns(DECLENSIONS) are there in Greek?

Answer 7

3

Question 8

Do the declensions that a particular might have, have any bearing on the meaning of the word?

Answer 8

NO. The different declensions affect only the form of the case ending.

Question 9

🎤Nouns that have a stem ending in an α or η belong to which declension?

.

Answer 9

FIRST DECLENSION

Question 10

🎤FIRST DECLENSION ENDINGS ARE PRIMARILY WHICH GENDER?

Answer 10

FEMININE
EXAMPLE: (ὥρα, γραφή)

🪄Memory Trick -Ladies First

Question 11

🎤SECOND DECLENSION ENDINGS ARE PRIMARILY WHICH GENDER?

Answer 11

MASCULINE OR NEUTER

EXAMPLE: (ἀπόστολος; ἔργον)

Question 12

Nouns that have a stem ending in an ο belong to which declension?

Answer 12

SECOND DECLENSION.

Question 13

If the stem of a word ends in a consonant, it is …

Answer 13

THIRD DECLENSION

Question 14

NOMINATIVE CASE (PRIMARY FUNCTION)

Answer 14

To indicate the subject of a verb.

If a word is the subject of the verb, it will have a nominative case ending.

Question 15

If a word is the subject of the verb, it will have which type of case ending?

Answer 15

NOMINATIVE

EXAMPLE: ὁ θεὸς ἀγαπᾷ τὸν κόσμον.

θεός is the subject of ἀγαπᾷ since it has a nominative case ending.

Question 16

If a word is the direct object of a verb, it will have which type of case ending?

Answer 16

ACCUSATIVE.

Question 17

One of the accusative singular case endings is ν. In the following sentence,
which word is the direct object?

Χριστὸν ἀγαπᾷ ὁ θεός.

Answer 17

“Χριστὸν” is the direct object of ἀγαπᾷ since it has an accusative case ending.

Question 18

The only way to determine the subject or direct object of a Greek verb is by the…

Answer 18

Case endings.

Question 19

In Greek, the ending ς shows you that this word is in the which case?

Answer 19

NOMINATIVE (SUBJECT) case and therefore is the subject.

Question 20

LEXICAL FORM

The lexical form of a Greek noun is its form in which case?

Answer 20

NOMINATIVE SINGULAR.

EXAMPLE , the lexical form of κόσμον (accusative singular) is κόσμος. (NOM . SING

Notice the ———-> (ς) nominative sg. Case endings

Question 21

In Greek, the ending ν shows you that this word is in the which case?

Answer 21

ACCUSATIVE (DIRECT OBJECT)

And therefore is the direct object.

Question 22

Whenever you are asked to explain the form of an inflected Greek word, you must be able to indicate which form?

Answer 22

Its lexical form;

otherwise, you will not be able to look up the word in the lexicon and find its meaning.

Question 23

“PARADIGM” refers to…

Answer 23

(Paradigm of )the case endings used by the first and second declensions, nominative and accusative.

Question 24

GENDER ORDER IS LEFT TO RIGHT IN WHICH ORDER?

Answer 24

MASCULINE, FEMININE & NEUTER

Question 25

“PARADIGM” refers to…

Answer 25

(Paradigm of )the case endings used by the first and second declensions, nominative and accusative.

Question 26

The “2 – 1 – 2” along the top

of the PARADIGM CHART means that the Masculine , Feminine and Neuter follow which declensions?

Answer 26

The Masculine follow the second declension, The Feminine follows the first declension, and The Neuter follows the second.

Question 27

NUMBER/ QUANTITY. Instead of adding an “s” to a word, Greek indicates singular or plural by using different

Answer 27

CASE ENDINGS endings.

Question 28

If the word is functioning as the subject of the verb, it takes a case ending that is equivalent to…

Answer 28

the subjective (NOM. NOMINATIVE) case in English: ς (ἀπόστολος).

Question 29

CERTAIN PATTERNS that will help you remember the gender of a word.

Words listed in the vocabulary section that end in ος are usually…

Answer 29

Masculine (καιρός)

Question 30

Words ending in η or α are mostly…

Answer 30

FEMININE(ἀγάπη, βασιλεία).

Question 31

Words ending with ον are always

Answer 31

NEUTER (ἔργον)

Question 32

What does the Feminine following the first declension mean?

Answer 32

Nouns that have a stem ending in an α or η

Question 33

What does the Masculine following the second declension mean?

Answer 33

Nouns that will have a stem ending in Ο.

Question 34

What does the Neuter following the second declension mean?

Answer 34

Nouns that have a stem ending in an Ο or oν.

Question 35

A dash (-) means

Answer 35

that no case ending is used and the stem of the noun stands by itself.

Question 36

The underline ( a ) means
                             —

Answer 36

the case ending joins with the final stem vowel.