Parks, Recreation, and Open Space

Question 1

Yellowstone

Answer 1

The first national park, designated in 1872.

Question 2

National Park Service

Answer 2

was created in 1916 when President Woodrow Wilson signed the Organic Act of 1916 (An organic act is an act that establishes a territory or an agency to manage federal lands)

Question 3

John Muir

Answer 3

an early advocate for the creation of a national park system. He wrote extensively for popular publications, bringing national attention to sites that would ultimately become national parks, including Glacier Bay and Mount Rainier. He also championed protecting the Petrified Forest and the Grand Canyon.

Question 4

Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 4

Created five national parks and signed the Antiquities ACt in 1906, which created 18 national monuments, including the Grand Canyon. He created 51 federal bird sanctuaries, four national game refuges, and more than 100 million acres of national forest.

Question 5

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Answer 5

dramatically improved national parks through the Civilian Conservation Corps, which was set up during the depression. FDR also expanded the national park system, including multiple Civil War Battlefields and the Lincoln Memorial. He also helped create Olympic National Park and Kings Canyon National Parks, and directed funds to purchase land to create the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (the first time federal funds were used to purchase park land).

Question 6

Linear Parks

Answer 6

Significantly longer in length than in width. The New York High Line is an example of a linear park

Question 7

Neighborhood Parks

Answer 7

provide access to basic recreation opportunities for residents of a neighborhood. Neighborhood parks are ideally located within walking and bicycling distance of most residents and are small in size, typically five or fewer acres.

Question 8

Community Parks

Answer 8

Serve a one to five mile area and are typically 20-100 acres in size, providing a mix of amenities to serve an entire community.

Question 9

Regional parks

Answer 9

may be managed by a special park district and serve multiple jurisdictions

Question 10

Parklets

Answer 10

community spaces converted from curbside parking spaces. Also known as street seats or curbside seating, parklets often result from partnerships between the city and local businesses, residents or neighborhood associations.

Question 11

Level of Service Park Standards

Answer 11

Parks have level of service standards. For example, standards include the percentage of the population within a half-mile of a neighborhood park or trail.

Question 12

ParkScore

Answer 12

a rating system for the 100 largest US cities, developed by the Trust for Public Land. The four characteristics analyzed for a ParkScore are acreage, investment, amenities, and access.

Question 13

Greenway

Answer 13

A greenway is any scenic trail or route set aside for travel or recreational purposes.

Question 14

Scenic Resources

Answer 14

are aethetically pleasing landscape patterns and landscape features that contribute to the distinctness of a community or region.

Question 15

Viewshed

Answer 15

the area visible through a line of site from a location. Napa County, California has a viewshed ordinance to protect views from certain locations in the county.

Question 16

Wildlife Corridor

Answer 16

the linkage that joins two similar wildlife habitats.C

Question 17

Conservation Easement

Answer 17

legal agreements between a property owner and a land trust (or other organization) in which the property owner agrees to place restrictions on the use of the property to protect natural resources. The Natural Resource Conservation Service has an agricultural conservation easment program, as an example.

Question 18

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR)

Answer 18

programs allows for the transfer of development rights from an area that is designated for low-density development to an area planned for growth.

A TDR program seeks to rpeserve landowner’s asset value by moving the right to build a house from a location where development is prohibited to a location where development is encouraged.

Question 19

Sending and Receiving Areas of TDRs

Answer 19

Sending Zone: The environmental protection zone where development rights are separated. It is called a sending zoning because the development rights are “sent” out of it.

Receiving Zone: a zone where a developer buys a right to build more units than currently permitted in the local zoning ordinance. These zones “receive” development rights.

Question 20

Antiquities Act of 1906

Answer 20

established that archaeological sites on public lands are public resources and obligated federal agencies to preserve sites for future generations. Additionally, the law authorizes the president of the US to protect landmarks, structures, and objects of historic or scientific interest by designating them as national monuments. For example, in 2016, Obama designated the Mojave Trails National Monument, which contains 1.6 million acres of ancient lava flows and sand dunes.

Question 21

The Organics Act of 1916

Answer 21

Established the National Park Service to manage national parks and national monuments.

Question 22

The Historic Sires Act of 1935

Answer 22

sought to organize federally owned parks, monuments and historic sites under the National Park Service. It also declared a national policy to preserve historic sites, buildings and objects of national importance for public use.

Question 23

The Wilderness Act of 1964

Answer 23

created the National Wilderness Preservation System. The act defined wilderness as an area of undeveloped Federal Land retaining its primeval character and influence without permanent improvements or human habitation. According to the National Park Service, as of 2016, there are more than 106 million acres of federal public lands designated as wilderness.

Question 24

The National Wild and Scenic River Act of 1968

Answer 24

seeks to preserve rivers with outstanding natural, cultural and recreational values in a free-flowing condition for the enjoyment of current and future generations. Wild and scenic rivers are designated by Congress.