Parkinsons questions Flashcards
name the structures involved in the direct pathway
cortex, neostriatum, medial globus pallidus, thalamus
what structures are involved in the indirect pathway
cortex, neostriatum, GPL, subthalamic nucleus, GPM, thalamus
what structure in the substantia nigra produces dopamine
pars compacta and pars reticularis
what structure produces dopamine 1R
pars reticularis
this enhances the direct pathway
what structure produces dopamine 2R
pars compacta
this reduces the indirect pathway
what is the basis of huntingtons disease
heritable mutation in huntingtons protein
loss of encephalinergic and gabaergic neurons in the neostriatum
what pathway is affected in huntingtons
decrease in indirect pathway
why do striatal inteneurones (cholinergic) turn down the direct pathway
releases aCh from the striatum to the substantia nigra which inhibits dopamine release
what molecule is accumulated in the bowel of patients
alpha synuclein
what factors can increase neurodegeneration
toxins,
immune attach
oxidative stress
cell death pathways
what two drugs is levodopa combined with
carbidopa or benserazide
what is pramipexole
dopamine agonist
ropinirole
dopamine agonist
bromocriptine
dopamine agonist
what is selegiline and rasegiline
MAOs
