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PHAR2005 > Parkinson's Disease > Flashcards

Parkinson's Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

A

Rigidity
Akinesia
Tremor at rest

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2
Q

Which DA receptor type are involved in the direct nigrostriatal pathway?

A

D1

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3
Q

Which DA receptor type are involved in the indirect nigrostriatal pathway?

A

D2

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4
Q

What is tremor due to?

A

Increased ACh - due to decreased DA

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5
Q

Name the 5 dopaminergic pathways and their functions

A

Nigrostriatal - motor - involved in Parkinson’s
Mesolimbic - reward
Mesocortical - psychosis
Median eminence - inhibits prolactin secretion
Chemoreceptor trigger zone - nausea

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6
Q

Which enzymes break down DA?

A

MAO

COMT

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7
Q

What are the synthesis steps and enzymes for DA?

A 
Tyrosine
L-DOPA (tyrosine hydroxylase)
DA (DOPA decarboxylase)
DOPAC (MAOB)
HVA (COMT)
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8
Q

Which enzyme converts DA to NA?

A

Dopamine beta hydroxylase

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9
Q

What does carbidopa do?

A

Inhibits DOPA decarboxylase - prevents DA production

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10
Q

What does selegiline do?

A

Inhibits MAOB - prevents DA breakdown

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11
Q

Does DA cross BBB?

A

No

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12
Q

Does carbidopa cross BBB?

A

No

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13
Q

Does selegiline cross BBB?

A

Yes

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14
Q

What is the action of domperidone?

A

D2R antagonist - acts at CTZ - prevents nausea

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15
Q

Does domperidone cross BBB?

A

No

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16
Q

Which drug is used for tremor in drug-induced Parkinson’s and why?

A

Benzhexol
Muscarinic antagonist - blocks ACh action in striatum - widespread side effects - may cause dementia - lower risk for younger patients

17
Q

Does L-DOPA cross BBB?

A

Yes

18
Q

Which drug is used for older patients when L-DOPA is no longer effective and what is its action?

A

Bromocriptine - D2R agonist

19
Q

Which drug is effective in a small proportion of patients and what is its action?

A

Amantidine - NMDAR antagonist

PHAR2005 (24 decks)

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