Adrenergic (1) Flashcards
Along with NA, there is cotransmission of which neurotransmitter at the sympathetic neuroeffector junction?
ATP
What are the subtypes of beta-adrenoceptors and are they innervated?
Beta1 - innervated
Beta2 - not innervated
Where are beta1-adrenoceptors located?
Heart
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Brown adipose tissue
Where are beta2-adrenoceptors located?
Bronchial smooth muscle
Uterine smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle vasculature
Give some examples of the physiological effects of alpha1-adrenoceptors
Blood vessel constriction
Eye radial muscle contraction
Give some examples of the physiological effects of alpha2-adrenoceptors
Blood vessel constriction
Platelet aggregation
Give some examples of the physiological effects of beta1-adrenoceptors
Increased heart contraction force and rate
Renin release from kidney
Give some examples of the physiological effects of beta2-adrenoceptors
Blood vessel dilation Bronchial dilation Skeletal muscle tremor Glycogenolysis in liver Inhibition of histamine release from mast cells
Which adrenoceptor subtypes is adrenaline selective for?
Alpha1
Alpha2
Beta1
Beta2
Which adrenoceptor subtypes is noradrenaline selective for?
Alpha1
Alpha2
Beta1
Which adrenoceptor subtypes is isoprenaline selective for?
Beta1
Beta2
What are some examples of the clinical uses of adrenaline?
Anaphylactic shock - physiological antagonism
Glaucoma - lowers intraocular pressure
Cardiac arrest
Vasoconstriction in area of local anaesthesia - prolongs effect
What are the actions of adrenaline in treating anaphylactic shock?
Binds to alpha1-adrenoceptors - vasoconstriction - reduces laryngeal oedema and increases blood pressure
Binds to beta2-adrenoceptors - bronchodilation
What are the actions of adrenaline in treating open-angle glaucoma?
Binds to alpha2-adrenoceptors - decreases rate of aqueous humour production and causes vasodilation in canal of Schlemm - absorption of aqueous humour
