Amino Acid NTS Flashcards
Which transporter removes glutamate from the synaptic cleft?
Excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT)
Which transporter moves glutamate into vesicles?
Vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT)
What are the two options of product in glutamate breakdown?
Glutamine
Alpha-ketoglutarate
Which enzyme converts glutamate to GABA?
Glutamatic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
Which transporter removes GABA from the synaptic cleft?
GABA transporter (GAT)
Which transporter moves GABA into vesicles?
Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT)
Which transporter removes glycine from the synaptic cleft?
GlyT-1 and GlyT-2
Which transporter moves glycine into vesicles?
Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT)
How many transmembrane domains do ionotropic GluR subunits have?
3
How many subunits do ionotropic GluRs have?
4
Which agonists bind to AMPARs?
Glutamate
Kainate
AMPA
Which agonists bind to kainate receptors?
Glutamate
Kainate
Domoic acid
Which agonists bind to NMDARs?
Glutamate/glycine
NMDA
What are the groups of mGluRs and their effects?
I - activate PLC
II - inhibit adenylyl cyclase
III - inhibit adenylyl cyclase
Which ion blocks NMDARs?
Mg2+
What is the effect of GABAARs?
Cl- influx
Name two GABAAR agonists
GABA
Muscimol
What is the effect of GABABRs?
Activate cAMP - increase K+ efflux, decrease Ca2+ influx
Name two GABABR agonists
GABA
Baclofen
How many subunits in a GABAAR?
5
How many subunits in a GABABR?
2
What is the effect of post-synaptic GABABRs?
Associated K+ channel opens - K+ efflux - hyperpolarisation
What is the effect of pre-synaptic GABABRs?
Prevents Ca2+ channels from opening - decreases NT release - decreases EPSP magnitude
