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HLK 4 > Parenchymal restrictive lung disorders > Flashcards

Parenchymal restrictive lung disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis- Risk

A
  • Exposure to radiation for lung or breast cancer

- Radiation pneumonitis

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2
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis- Sx

A
  • Asymtomatic to slowly progressive dyspnea
  • Bibasilar inspiratory crackles
  • Reduced lung volume
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3
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis- Dx

A

CXR- obliteration of normal lung markings, dense interstitial and pleural fibrosis, tenting of diaphragm

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4
Q

Sarcoidosis- Risk

A
  • Women in 3rd-4th decade- black women

- Granulomatous inflammation of lung

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5
Q

Sarcoidosis- Sx

A
  • Insidious onset of arthralgia, fever & dyspnea on exertion, anorexia
  • Erythema nodosum, skin lesions, pigment changes
  • Skin, eye, nerve involvement
  • Parotid gland enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy
  • No crackles
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6
Q

Sarcoidosis- Dx

A
  • CXR: Bilateral hilar adenopathy and parenchymal involvement
  • Histology indicating noncaseating graulomas + clinical presentation
  • Elevated ESR, ACE,
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7
Q

Sarcoidosis- Tx

A
  • Prednisone x 6 months
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8
Q

Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis- Risk

A
  • Occupational inhalation of coal dust

- Cigarette smoke

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9
Q

Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis- Sx

A
  • Asymptomatic
  • Normal PFT
  • Progressive, massive fibrosis of lungs due to macrophages ingesting inhaled coal dust
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10
Q

Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis- Dx

A

CXR: Small opacities in upper lung field

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11
Q

Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis- Tx

A

Supportive tx

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12
Q

Asbestosis- Risk

A
  • Nodular, interstial fibrosis due to long term asbestos exposure
  • Cigarette smoking
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13
Q

Asbestosis- Sx

A
  • Progressive dyspnea
  • Inspiratory crackles
  • Clubbing & cyanosis
  • Lower lung involvement
  • Reduced diffusion, restrictive defects on PFT
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14
Q

Asbestosis- Dx

A

-CXR: linear streaking at base, honeycomb changes, opacities, pleural calcification

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15
Q

Asbestosis- Tx

A

None

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16
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis- Risk

A

Exposure to antigen- hay, humidifies, birds, sawdust, bark, mushrooms

17
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis- Sx

A
  • Acute illness 4-8 hrs following exposure

- Bibasilar crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, cyanosis

18
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis- Dx

A
  • PFT: Restrictive pattern
  • ABG: Hypoxemia
  • CXR: small, nodular densities sparing apaches and bases
  • Bronchoscopy
19
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis- Tx

A

Corticosteroids

20
Q

Byssinosis- Risk

A
  • Cotton textile industry workers

- Occupational asthma

21
Q

Byssinosis- Sx

A
  • Chest tightness, cough & dyspnea 1-2 hrs after returning to work after several days off
22
Q

Byssinosis- Dx

A
  • Symptomatic presentation plus changes in lung function- spirometery
23
Q

Byssinosis- Tx

A
  • Tx as asthma

- Protective equipment

HLK 4 (12 decks)

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