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Microbiology > Parasitology > Flashcards

Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

Lab identification of Ancyclostoma duodenale and Necator americanus is made by observing ____ in fresh stool. On occasion, _____ worms may be seen attached to intestinal lining.

A

eggs; adult worms

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2
Q

A. duodenale adult worms can be differntiated from N. americanus by _____

A

A. duodenale has a pair of teeth; N.americanus has a pair of cutting plates

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3
Q

What is the diagnosis of choice for E. histolytica

A

EIA

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4
Q

This amoeba creates “flask-like lesions” in biopsies

A

E. histolytica

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5
Q

This amoeba has a “cigar-shaped” cromatoid body

A

E. histolytica

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6
Q

This amoeba contains up to 4 nuclei in its cyst form

A

E. histolytica

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7
Q

What is the cyst size and troph size of E. histolytica

A

Cyst: 12-15 um
Trop: 15-20 um

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8
Q

The nucleolous inside the nucleus = what (amoeba)

A

Karyosome

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9
Q

This amoeba looks like E.histolytica but is half the size

A

E. hartmanni

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10
Q

E. dispar is identical to E.histolytica and must be distinguished using DNA sequencing

A

True

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11
Q

What is the infective form of Ancanthamoeba

A

Cyst AND troph

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12
Q

This amoeba has a double walled cyst and has a “bulls-eye” nucleus in the troph

A

Acanthamoeba

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13
Q

Cryptosporidium, cyclospora, and cystoisospora are all groups of GI ______

A

Sporozoa/Coccidia

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14
Q

What GI sporozoa caused the waterborne outbreak in Milwaukee, 1994?

A

Cryptosporidium

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15
Q

What is the infectious form of sporozoa – cryptosporidium, cyclospora?

A

Oocyst

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16
Q

What is the test of choice for Cryptosporidium?

A

EIA

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17
Q

What stain is used to diagnose Cryptosporidium?

What secondary test used to diagnose Cryptosporidium?

A

Acid-fast; DFA

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18
Q

What is the test of choice for Giardia?

What is a secondary test used?

A

EIA; String test

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19
Q

What is the size of the Cryptosporidium oocysts> What is distinguishing features?

A

4-6um & crescent-shaped sporozoites

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20
Q

How big is Cyclospora oocysts?

A

8-10um

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21
Q

Can cryptosporidium or cyclospora be transmitted human to human?

A

Cryptosporidium NOT cyclospora

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22
Q

What stains can be used to ID Cyclospora?

A

MAF or Modified Safrinin

MS is usually better; less “ghosts” compare to MAF

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23
Q

What sporozoa/coccidia autofluoresce?

A

Cyclospora; Cystoisospora belli

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24
Q

What vector is associated with Babesia microti?

A

Ticks - mostly deer ticks here

25
Q

What vector is associated with Babesia on Nantucket island (will be on exam)

A

Black lake tick

26
Q

Ixodes scapularis is associated with what infection?

27
Q

A merozoite showing a “maltese cross” is associated with what infection?

28
Q

This organism can show ring forms inside AND outside of RBC AND contain multiple rings and merozoites per RBC. This is unique to this organism.

A

Babesia spp.

29
Q

Where is Plasmodium ovale found? (Will be on exam)

A

Sub-Saharan Africa aka WESTERN Africa

30
Q

What Plasmodium species can remain dormant in the liver?

A

P. ovale
P. vivax

HINT: It’s not OVer – Ovale; Vivax

31
Q

What Plasmodium species have Schuffner’s dots?

A

Vivax and ovale

32
Q

What Plasmodium species infects larger RBD, has Schuffners dots, and infected cells are round or oval. Also may have fimbrations

33
Q

Best way to diagnose Toxo. gondii?

A

Serology– IFA, EIA

34
Q

Trachyzoites are detected in some specimens; bradyzoites are detected in _____ specimens

35
Q

Trachyzoites are seen extracellularly as banana-shaped whereas bradayzoites are seen ____ in cysts

A

intracellularly

36
Q

What is the infectious form of Leishmania?

A

Promastigotes

37
Q

What is the diagnostic form of Leishmania

A

Amastigotes

38
Q

Leishman-Donovan (L-D) bodies is an old term for

A

Amastigotes

39
Q

What tapeworm (cestode) has double genital pores in one proglottid?

A

Dipylidium canium

40
Q

What is the vector for African Sleeping Sickness

A

Tsetse fly

41
Q

What is the vector for Chagas disease?

A

Kissing/Reduuvid bug

42
Q

What is the organism that causes African Sleeping Sickness?

A

Trypanosoma brucei

43
Q

What is the organism that causes WEST African Sleeping Sickness?

A

T. brucei gambiense

West Africa: gambling out west in Vegas

44
Q

What is the organism that causes EAST African Sleeping Sickness?

A

T. brucei rhodesiense

45
Q

What is the infectious form of Trypanosomiasis

A

Trypomastigotes

46
Q

T. cruzi has _____ (large/small) kinetoplasts whereas T. brucei has _____ (large/small) kinetoplasts

A

Large; Small

47
Q

This type of worm is associated with anemia and iron deficiency

48
Q

What GI helminth is associated with B12 deficiency

A

Diphyllobothrium latum (AKA Dibothriocephalus latus)

49
Q

Largest trematode with VERY prominent opperculum

A

F. hepatica/F. buski

50
Q

What cestode has a striated outer membrane and contains six hooklets within its oncosphere

A

H. diminuta

51
Q

What cestode has a THICK outer membrane and contains polar thickenings/filaments

52
Q

The hooklets of Echinococcus stain ______ and look like bottle openers

53
Q

What is one important factor when collecting blood for filarial parasites?

A

TIME of collection

54
Q

What filariae require tissue snips for diagnosis? (2)

A

O. volvulus; M. streptocera

55
Q

What microfilariae are nocturnal? (2)

A

W. bancrofti & Brugia spp.

56
Q

What microfilariae are dinural? (2)

A

Loa Loa, M. ozzardi

57
Q

Which Mansonella sp has no sheath and a BLUNT ended tail

A

M. perstans

58
Q

Which Mansonella sp has no sheath and a tapered tail with a small hook shaped terminus

A

M. ozzardi

59
Q

Which Mansonella sp has no sheath and a tapered tail with a very obvious hook shaped tail

A

M. streptocerca

Microbiology (16 decks)

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