Parasitology Flashcards
Drug of choice in Entamoeba histolytica infections
Metronidazole
Mode of transmission of Entamoeba histolytica
Orofecal
Infective stage of Entamoeba histolytica
Cyst
Most common disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica
Amebic colitis
Drug of choice in eliminating Entamoeba histolytica cysts
Diloxanide furoate
Most common extraintestinal form of Entamoeba histolytica infection
Amebic liver abscess
Anchovy-paste like aspirate is seen in
Amebic liver abscess
Causes backpacker’s diarrhea
Giardia lamblia
Drug of choice for giardiasis
Metronidazole
Drug of choice for trichomoniasis
Metronidazole
Cervical manifestation in trichomoniasis
Strawberry cervix
Mode of transmission of trichomoniasis
Sexual
Definitive host of Plasmodium spp.
Anopheles flavirostris minimus
Specific Plasmodium species: Malignant tertian fever
P. falciparum
Specific Plasmodium species: Benign tertian fever
P. ovale
P. vivax
Length of asexual cycle in P. malariae malaria
72 hours
Specific Plasmodium species: Banana-shaped gametocytes
Plasmodium falciparum
Cause of cerebral malaria
Plasmodium falciparum
Balantidium spp. are protozoans that use ___ as their motility part
Cilia
Protozoans that use pseudopods to move belong to this group:
Sarcodina
What is the incubation period of malaria?
1 week to 1 month
What are the second intermediate hosts (2) of Echinostoma ilocanum?
Pila luzonica ("kuhol") Vivipara angularis ("susong pampang")
Vector of Leishmania spp.
Phlebotomus spp. (sandfly)
Drug of choice for Cryptosporidium parvum
Nitazoxanide
Drug of choice for trichomoniasis
Metronidazole
Drug of choice for hemolytic stage of Trypanosoma brucei rhodisiense infection
Suramin
Drug of choice for CNS stage of Trypanosoma brucei rhodisiense infection
Melarsoprol
Drug of choice for hemolytic stage of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection
Pentamidine
Drug of choice for late CNS stage of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection
Eflornithine
Drug of choice for leishmaniasis
Stibogluconate
Drug of choice for radical cure of P. vivax and P. ovale malaria
Primaquine
Drug of choice for falciparum malaria
Artemether lumefantrine
Drug of choice for toxoplasmosis
Sulfadiazine pyremethamine
Most common extraintestinal amebic infection
Amebic liver abscess
Drug of choice for asymptomatic cyst carriers of amoeba
Diloxanide furoate
Unilateral swelling of the eyelids in Chagas disease
Romaña’s sign
Most common serious complication of Chagas disease
Interstitial myocarditis
Infective stage of Plasmodium spp. transmitted from a bite of an anopheles mosquito
Sporozoites
Merozoites are released every 72 hours from lysed RBCs in this particular Plasmodium species
P. malariae
Coarse stippling found in blood smears in patients with falciparum malaria
Maurer clefts or dots
Plasmodium species involved when only ring forms and gametocytes are found in the peripheral blood smear
P. falciparum
Plasmodium species that primarily invades older RBCs
P. malariae
Form or variant of malaria with predominant gastrointestinal manifestations like vomiting and bloody diarrhea
Algid malaria
Species implicated in cerebral malaria
P. falciparum
Plasmodium species associated with nephrotic syndrome in children
P. malariae
Severe falciparum malaria with RBC hemolysis causing acute tubular necrosis and dark bloody urine
Black water fever
Helminth that can multiply asexually in humans
Echinococcus granulosus
The only intracellular helminth causing infection in humans
Trichinella spiralis
Parasite implicated in nocturnal perianal pruritus
Enterobius vermincularis
Diagnostic test for Enterobius infection
Graham’s scotch tape test
Drug of choice for pinworm infection
Pyrantel pamoate
Also known as pinworm
Enterobius vermicularis
Drug of choice for trichuriasis or whipworm infection
Mebendazole
Drug of choice for ascariasis
Albendazole
Drug of choice for hookworm infection
Albendazole
Drug of choice for threadworm or stongyloidiasis
Ivermectin > Albendazole
Drug of choice for Trichinella sp. infection
Albendazole
Drug of choice for cestode infections
Praziquantel
Drug of choice for filariasis
Diethylcarbamazine
Drug of choice for Onchocerca sp. infection
Ivermectin
Drug of choice for Fasciola hepatic infections
Triclabendazole
Infective stage of Taenia solium causing neurocystecercosis
Eggs
Syndrome of cough, eosinophilia, and pulmonary infiltrates caused by larval migration
Loeffler’s syndrome
Parasite capable of hyperinfection, reinfection, and autoinfection where females are pathenogenic
Strongyloides stercoralis
Cestode infection associated with cobalamin deficiency
Diphyllobotrium latum
Infective stage of D. latum to humans
Plerocercoids
The second intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica
Watercress
Prodrome of headache, fever, chills, diarrhea, and eosinophilia after schistosoma infection
Katayama fever
Schistosoma egg with a lateral spine
Schistosoma mansoni
Rash shortly after schistosoma cercariae peentrate into the skin
Swimmer’s itch
Final host of Echinococcus granulosus
Dogs
Protozoan notorious for causing sexually transmitted infections associated with yellowish copious foul smelling discharge
Trichomonas vaginalis
Schistosoma species (2) that live in mesenteric veins
S. japonicum and S. mansoni
Parasite with golden barrel shaped eggs with bipolar plugs
Trichuria trichuria
Congenital protozoal infection causing intrauterine growth restriction
Toxoplasmosis
Second intermediate host of the oriental lung fluke
Crabs
The string test can be used to diagnose these two parasitic infections
Giardia lamblia
Strongyloides stercoralis
Circumoval precipitin test is used to diagnose infection with:
Schistosoma spp.