Mycology Flashcards

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1
Q

Also known as jock itch

A

Tinea cruris

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2
Q

Malasezzia furfur secretes this substance that causes skin hypopigmentation

A

Azeleic acid

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3
Q

“Spaghetti and meatball” appearance on 10% KOH

A

Malasezzia furfur

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4
Q

Superficial mycosis associated with gardening

A

Sporothrix schenckii

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5
Q

Drug of choice in systemic mycoses

A

Amphotericin B

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6
Q

Drug of choice in fungal meningitis

A

Fluconazole

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7
Q

KOH smear: Spherules in endospores

A

Coccidioides immitis

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8
Q

KOH smear: Intracellular yeasts

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

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9
Q

KOH smear: Broad-based bud

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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10
Q

KOH smear: Mariner’s wheel

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

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11
Q

Three most common fungal genera causing dermatophytoses

A

Epidermophyton
Microsporum
Trichophyton

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12
Q

S/Sx: Lung infiltrates, adenopathy, effusions, erythem nodosum (desert bumps), arthralgias, meningitis

A

Coccidioides immitis

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13
Q

Closely mimics tuberculosis. Chronic pneumonia. Erythema nodosum. Tongue ulcerations in AIDS patients.

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

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14
Q

Dimorphic yeast. Chronic pneumonia. Ulcerated granulomas. Lytic bone lesions. Prostatitis.

A

Blastomyces dermatidis

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15
Q

Pseudomembranous esophagitis is caused by

A

Candida albicans

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16
Q

Most common cause of fungal meningitis in AIDS patients

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

17
Q

Cryptococcus is best seen using this stain

A

India ink

18
Q

Fungus ball in lung cavities

A

Aspergilloma

19
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction when Aspergillus fumigatus infects the lungs

A

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)

20
Q

Mold with septate hyphae and dichotomous acute angle branching

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

21
Q

Mold with nonseptate hyphae and dichotomous right angle branching

A

Rhizopus oryzae

22
Q

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation

A

Mucormycosis

23
Q

Patients with these diseases (3) are susceptible to mucormycosis

A

Burns
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Leukemia

24
Q

Causes of mucormycosis

A

Mucor spp.

Rhizopus oryzae

25
Q

Most common AIDS-defining illness

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

26
Q

Drug of choice in the prophylaxis and treatment of PCP

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

27
Q

What is the tissue form of candidiasis?

A

Yeast with pseudohyphae