Mycology

Question 1

Also known as jock itch

Answer 1

Tinea cruris

Question 2

Malasezzia furfur secretes this substance that causes skin hypopigmentation

Answer 2

Azeleic acid

Question 3

“Spaghetti and meatball” appearance on 10% KOH

Answer 3

Malasezzia furfur

Question 4

Superficial mycosis associated with gardening

Answer 4

Sporothrix schenckii

Question 5

Drug of choice in systemic mycoses

Answer 5

Amphotericin B

Question 6

Drug of choice in fungal meningitis

Answer 6

Fluconazole

Question 7

KOH smear: Spherules in endospores

Answer 7

Coccidioides immitis

Question 8

KOH smear: Intracellular yeasts

Answer 8

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 9

KOH smear: Broad-based bud

Answer 9

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 10

KOH smear: Mariner’s wheel

Answer 10

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Question 11

Three most common fungal genera causing dermatophytoses

Answer 11

Epidermophyton
Microsporum
Trichophyton

Question 12

S/Sx: Lung infiltrates, adenopathy, effusions, erythem nodosum (desert bumps), arthralgias, meningitis

Answer 12

Coccidioides immitis

Question 13

Closely mimics tuberculosis. Chronic pneumonia. Erythema nodosum. Tongue ulcerations in AIDS patients.

Answer 13

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 14

Dimorphic yeast. Chronic pneumonia. Ulcerated granulomas. Lytic bone lesions. Prostatitis.

Answer 14

Blastomyces dermatidis

Question 15

Pseudomembranous esophagitis is caused by

Answer 15

Candida albicans

Question 16

Most common cause of fungal meningitis in AIDS patients

Answer 16

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 17

Cryptococcus is best seen using this stain

Answer 17

India ink

Question 18

Fungus ball in lung cavities

Answer 18

Aspergilloma

Question 19

Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction when Aspergillus fumigatus infects the lungs

Answer 19

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)

Question 20

Mold with septate hyphae and dichotomous acute angle branching

Answer 20

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 21

Mold with nonseptate hyphae and dichotomous right angle branching

Answer 21

Rhizopus oryzae

Question 22

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation

Answer 22

Mucormycosis

Question 23

Patients with these diseases (3) are susceptible to mucormycosis

Answer 23

Burns
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Leukemia

Question 24

Causes of mucormycosis

Answer 24

Mucor spp.

Rhizopus oryzae

Question 25

Most common AIDS-defining illness

Answer 25

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Question 26

Drug of choice in the prophylaxis and treatment of PCP

Answer 26

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Question 27

What is the tissue form of candidiasis?

Answer 27

Yeast with pseudohyphae