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Microbiology and Parasitology > Medical Bacteriology > Flashcards

Medical Bacteriology Flashcards

1
Q

Coagulase-positive, catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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2
Q

Novobiocin-sensitive, coagulase-negative, catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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3
Q

Novobiocin-resistant, coagulase-negative, catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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4
Q

Optochin-sensitive, bile-soluble, alpha-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci in chains

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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5
Q

Optochin-resistant, bile-insoluble, alpha-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci in chains

A

Viridans Streptococci

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6
Q

Catalase-positive Gram-positive cocci

A

Staphyloccus spp.

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7
Q

Catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci

A

Streptococcus spp.

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8
Q

Bacitracin-sensitive, beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci

A

Streptococcus pyogenes / Group A Streptococcus

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9
Q

Bacitracin-resistant, beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci

A

Streptococcus agalactiae / Group B Streptococcus

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10
Q

Order of stains in Gram-staining

A

Crystal violet
Iodine
Organic solvent (Acetone, 95% alcohol)
Safranin

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11
Q

Additional layer found in Gram-negative bacteria

A

Outer membrane with lipopolysaccharide

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12
Q

Gram-negative endotoxin is also known as

A

Lipid A

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13
Q

Weakly Gram-positive organisms that are better visualized with acid-fast stain

A

Mycobacterium spp.

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14
Q

Spirochetes have a gram-negative cell wall but are too small to be seen with the light microscope and so must be visualized with a:

A

Darkfield microscope

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15
Q

These bacteria do not have a cell wall

A

Mycoplasma spp.

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16
Q

Teichoic acid is found in the cell walls of these bacteria

A

Gram-positive bacteria

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17
Q

Spore-forming Gram-positive rods

A

Bacillus spp.

Clostridium spp.

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18
Q

Gram-negative cocci

A

Niesseria spp.

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19
Q

Maltose-fermenting Gram-negative cocci

A

Niesseria meningitidis

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20
Q

Non-maltose-fermenting Gram-negative cocci

A

Niesseria gonorrhea

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21
Q

Also known as the H antigen in flagellum

A

Flagillin

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22
Q

All bacteria have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan except

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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23
Q

All gram-positive bacteria have no endotoxin except

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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24
Q

All bacteria capsules are composed of polysaccharide except

A

Bacillus anthracis

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25
The bacterial capsule of Bacillus anthracis is made of
Polypeptide of D-glutamate
26
All exotoxins are heat-labile except
Staphylococcal enterotoxin
27
With regards to bacterial oxygen metabolism, Pseudomonas spp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Leptospira spp., and Mycobacterium spp. are classified as
Obligate aerobes
28
Obligate aerobes have these three enzymes to efficiently metabolize oxygen and eliminate reactive oxygen species
Superoxide dismutase Catalase Peroxidase
29
Obligate anaerobes (3)
Actinomyces Bacteroides Clostridium
30
Transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another
Conjugation
31
Transfer of DNA by a virus from one cell to another
Transduction
32
Process wherein purified DNA is taken up by the cell
Transformation
33
G(+)/(-): Thick, multilayered peptidoglycan
Gram-positive cells
34
G(+)/(-): Teichoic acid
Gram-positive cells
35
G(+)/(-): Lipopolysaccharide
Gram-negative cells
36
Aerotolerant anaerobes (2)
Propionobacterium, Lactobacillus
37
Toxins treated with formaldehyde, making then non-toxigenic but still antigenic
Toxoid
38
Specific culture media: Clostridium perfringens
Egg yolk agar
39
Specific culture media: Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Tellurite agar
40
Specific culture media: Group D Streptococci
Bile esculin agar
41
Specific culture media: Staphylococci
Mannitol salts
42
Specific culture media: Niesseria meningitidis, N. gonorrheae from sterile sites
Chocolate agar
43
Specific culture media: Niesseria gonorrheae from nonsterile sites
Thayer-Martin agar
44
Specific culture media: Haemophilus influenzae type B
Chocolate + Factors X and V
45
Specific bacteria: Löwenstein-Jensen agar
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
46
Specific bacteria: Thiosulfate citrate bile salts and sucrose agar
Vibrio cholerae
47
Specific bacteria: Bordet-Gengou agar
Bordetella pertussis
48
Specific bacteria: Charcoal-yeast extract
Legionella pneumophila
49
Specific bacteria: Skirrow agar
Campylobacter jejuni
50
Specific bacteria: Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly agar
Borrelia burgdoferi
51
Specific bacteria: Eaton agar
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
52
Specific bacteria: Cetrimide agar
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
53
Specific bacteria: Xylose-Lysine-Deoxychocolate agar
Salmonella spp. | Shigella spp.
54
Specific bacteria: Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris agar
Leptospira interrogans
55
Important organisms as part of normal flora: Skin
Staphylococcus epidermidis
56
Important organisms as part of normal flora: Nose
Staphylococcus aureus
57
Important organisms as part of normal flora: Mouth
Viridans Streptococci
58
Important organisms as part of normal flora: Dental placque
Streptococcus mutans
59
Important organisms as part of normal flora: Colon (2)
Bacteroides spp. | Escherichia coli
60
Important organisms as part of normal flora: Vagina (3)
Lactobacillus spp. Escherichia coli Group B Streptococci
61
Aerobic, nonmotile, curved, nonspore-forming Gram-positive rods
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
62
Aerobic, curved, nonspore-forming Gram-positive rods with tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
63
Encapsulated, Gram-negative diplococci that ferments both maltose and glucose
Niesseria meningitidis
64
Gram-negative diplococci with insignificant capsule that ferments glucose only
Niersseria gonorrheae
65
Gram negative rod with polyribitol phosphate capsule
Haemophilus influenzae type B
66
Poorly Gram staining G(-) rod best seen with silver stain, often found in airconditioning units
Legionella pneumophila
67
Motile, oxidase negative, H2S-producing non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod
Salmonella spp.
68
Non-motile, oxidase-negative, H2S non-producing, non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod
Shigella spp.
69
Swarming, oxidase-negative, H2S-producing, urease-positive non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod
Proteus mirabilis
70
Oxidase-positive, H2S-nonproducing, obligate aerobe, non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
71
Lactose fermenting Gram negative rod with green sheen
Escherichia coli
72
Lactose fermenting, urease-positive, ESBL-positive Gram-negative rod
Klebsiella pneumoniae
73
Comma-shaped, motile, oxidase-positive Gram-negative rod
Vibrio cholerae
74
Comma-shaped, microaerophilic Gram negative rod that best grows on Skirrow's agar
Campylobacter jejuni
75
Comma-shaped, urease positive Gram negative rod
Helicobacter pylori
76
Enumerate the five phage-coded proteins
``` Botulinum Cholera Diphtheria Erythrogenic toxin Shiga-like toxin ```
77
Pulmonary hemorrhage is the most common cause of death in these three bacterial infections
Congenital syphilis Respiratory anthrax Weil syndrome
78
Pseudomembrane formation is a common feature of these three entities
Candida esophagitis Clostridium difficile colitis Diphtheria pharyngitis
79
Administration of this penicillin can produce a flu-like reaction known as
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
80
This acute phase reactant is internalized by macrophages to sequester iron during inflammation
Transferrin
81
In acute inflammation, this protein prevents the release of iron bound to ferritin
Hepcidin
82
Ability of an infectious agent to cause disease
Pathogencity
83
Quantitative ability of an agent to cause disease even in small numbers
Virulence
84
Unique capsule of Bacillus anthracis
Poly-D glutamic acid capsule
85
Exotoxin that can inhibit EF-2 by ADP ribosylation is produced by these two bacteria
Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Pseudomonas aeruginosa
86
Drug of choice for Listeria sp. infections
Ampicillin +/- Gentamicin
87
Considered as the prototypical superantigen
TSST-1

Microbiology and Parasitology (7 decks)

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