Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology and Parasitology > Medical Bacteriology > Flashcards

Medical Bacteriology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Coagulase-positive, catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Novobiocin-sensitive, coagulase-negative, catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Novobiocin-resistant, coagulase-negative, catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Optochin-sensitive, bile-soluble, alpha-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci in chains

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Optochin-resistant, bile-insoluble, alpha-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci in chains

A

Viridans Streptococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Catalase-positive Gram-positive cocci

A

Staphyloccus spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci

A

Streptococcus spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bacitracin-sensitive, beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci

A

Streptococcus pyogenes / Group A Streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bacitracin-resistant, beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci

A

Streptococcus agalactiae / Group B Streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Order of stains in Gram-staining

A

Crystal violet
Iodine
Organic solvent (Acetone, 95% alcohol)
Safranin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Additional layer found in Gram-negative bacteria

A

Outer membrane with lipopolysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gram-negative endotoxin is also known as

A

Lipid A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Weakly Gram-positive organisms that are better visualized with acid-fast stain

A

Mycobacterium spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spirochetes have a gram-negative cell wall but are too small to be seen with the light microscope and so must be visualized with a:

A

Darkfield microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

These bacteria do not have a cell wall

A

Mycoplasma spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Teichoic acid is found in the cell walls of these bacteria

A

Gram-positive bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Spore-forming Gram-positive rods

A

Bacillus spp.

Clostridium spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Gram-negative cocci

A

Niesseria spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Maltose-fermenting Gram-negative cocci

A

Niesseria meningitidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Non-maltose-fermenting Gram-negative cocci

A

Niesseria gonorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Also known as the H antigen in flagellum

A

Flagillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

All bacteria have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan except

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

All gram-positive bacteria have no endotoxin except

A

Listeria monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

All bacteria capsules are composed of polysaccharide except

A

Bacillus anthracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The bacterial capsule of Bacillus anthracis is made of

A

Polypeptide of D-glutamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

All exotoxins are heat-labile except

A

Staphylococcal enterotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

With regards to bacterial oxygen metabolism, Pseudomonas spp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Leptospira spp., and Mycobacterium spp. are classified as

A

Obligate aerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Obligate aerobes have these three enzymes to efficiently metabolize oxygen and eliminate reactive oxygen species

A

Superoxide dismutase
Catalase
Peroxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Obligate anaerobes (3)

A

Actinomyces
Bacteroides
Clostridium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another

A

Conjugation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Transfer of DNA by a virus from one cell to another

A

Transduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Process wherein purified DNA is taken up by the cell

A

Transformation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

G(+)/(-): Thick, multilayered peptidoglycan

A

Gram-positive cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

G(+)/(-): Teichoic acid

A

Gram-positive cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

G(+)/(-): Lipopolysaccharide

A

Gram-negative cells

36
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobes (2)

A

Propionobacterium, Lactobacillus

37
Q

Toxins treated with formaldehyde, making then non-toxigenic but still antigenic

A

Toxoid

38
Q

Specific culture media: Clostridium perfringens

A

Egg yolk agar

39
Q

Specific culture media: Corynebacterium diphtheriae

A

Tellurite agar

40
Q

Specific culture media: Group D Streptococci

A

Bile esculin agar

41
Q

Specific culture media: Staphylococci

A

Mannitol salts

42
Q

Specific culture media: Niesseria meningitidis, N. gonorrheae from sterile sites

A

Chocolate agar

43
Q

Specific culture media: Niesseria gonorrheae from nonsterile sites

A

Thayer-Martin agar

44
Q

Specific culture media: Haemophilus influenzae type B

A

Chocolate + Factors X and V

45
Q

Specific bacteria: Löwenstein-Jensen agar

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

46
Q

Specific bacteria: Thiosulfate citrate bile salts and sucrose agar

A

Vibrio cholerae

47
Q

Specific bacteria: Bordet-Gengou agar

A

Bordetella pertussis

48
Q

Specific bacteria: Charcoal-yeast extract

A

Legionella pneumophila

49
Q

Specific bacteria: Skirrow agar

A

Campylobacter jejuni

50
Q

Specific bacteria: Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly agar

A

Borrelia burgdoferi

51
Q

Specific bacteria: Eaton agar

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

52
Q

Specific bacteria: Cetrimide agar

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

53
Q

Specific bacteria: Xylose-Lysine-Deoxychocolate agar

A

Salmonella spp.

Shigella spp.

54
Q

Specific bacteria: Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris agar

A

Leptospira interrogans

55
Q

Important organisms as part of normal flora: Skin

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

56
Q

Important organisms as part of normal flora: Nose

A

Staphylococcus aureus

57
Q

Important organisms as part of normal flora: Mouth

A

Viridans Streptococci

58
Q

Important organisms as part of normal flora: Dental placque

A

Streptococcus mutans

59
Q

Important organisms as part of normal flora: Colon (2)

A

Bacteroides spp.

Escherichia coli

60
Q

Important organisms as part of normal flora: Vagina (3)

A

Lactobacillus spp.
Escherichia coli
Group B Streptococci

61
Q

Aerobic, nonmotile, curved, nonspore-forming Gram-positive rods

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

62
Q

Aerobic, curved, nonspore-forming Gram-positive rods with tumbling motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

63
Q

Encapsulated, Gram-negative diplococci that ferments both maltose and glucose

A

Niesseria meningitidis

64
Q

Gram-negative diplococci with insignificant capsule that ferments glucose only

A

Niersseria gonorrheae

65
Q

Gram negative rod with polyribitol phosphate capsule

A

Haemophilus influenzae type B

66
Q

Poorly Gram staining G(-) rod best seen with silver stain, often found in airconditioning units

A

Legionella pneumophila

67
Q

Motile, oxidase negative, H2S-producing non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod

A

Salmonella spp.

68
Q

Non-motile, oxidase-negative, H2S non-producing, non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod

A

Shigella spp.

69
Q

Swarming, oxidase-negative, H2S-producing, urease-positive non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod

A

Proteus mirabilis

70
Q

Oxidase-positive, H2S-nonproducing, obligate aerobe, non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative rod

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

71
Q

Lactose fermenting Gram negative rod with green sheen

A

Escherichia coli

72
Q

Lactose fermenting, urease-positive, ESBL-positive Gram-negative rod

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

73
Q

Comma-shaped, motile, oxidase-positive Gram-negative rod

A

Vibrio cholerae

74
Q

Comma-shaped, microaerophilic Gram negative rod that best grows on Skirrow’s agar

A

Campylobacter jejuni

75
Q

Comma-shaped, urease positive Gram negative rod

A

Helicobacter pylori

76
Q

Enumerate the five phage-coded proteins

A 
Botulinum
Cholera
Diphtheria
Erythrogenic toxin
Shiga-like toxin
77
Q

Pulmonary hemorrhage is the most common cause of death in these three bacterial infections

A

Congenital syphilis
Respiratory anthrax
Weil syndrome

78
Q

Pseudomembrane formation is a common feature of these three entities

A

Candida esophagitis
Clostridium difficile colitis
Diphtheria pharyngitis

79
Q

Administration of this penicillin can produce a flu-like reaction known as

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

80
Q

This acute phase reactant is internalized by macrophages to sequester iron during inflammation

A

Transferrin

81
Q

In acute inflammation, this protein prevents the release of iron bound to ferritin

A

Hepcidin

82
Q

Ability of an infectious agent to cause disease

A

Pathogencity

83
Q

Quantitative ability of an agent to cause disease even in small numbers

A

Virulence

84
Q

Unique capsule of Bacillus anthracis

A

Poly-D glutamic acid capsule

85
Q

Exotoxin that can inhibit EF-2 by ADP ribosylation is produced by these two bacteria

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

86
Q

Drug of choice for Listeria sp. infections

A

Ampicillin +/- Gentamicin

87
Q

Considered as the prototypical superantigen

A

TSST-1

Microbiology and Parasitology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions