Parameters of a Frequency Distribution Flashcards
A sample is the average value, or the sum (Σ) of all the observed values divided by the total number of observations (N)
Mean
Most descriptive analyses of continuous variables and advanced statistical analyses use the mean as the measure of central tendency.
Mean
A sample is the middle observation when data have been arranged in order from the lowest value to the highest value.
Median
The most commonly observed value in a data set is called the mode. The mode is of some clinical interest, but seldom of statistical utility.
Mode
Used to identify a measure of center.
Midrange
Mostly used in statistics where it is the spread of the numbers or data from the lowest to the highest value.
Range
It is the square root of variance, usually is used to describe the amount of spread in the frequency distribution.
Standards Deviation
Standardized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution.
Relative Standard Deviation
Indicates the number at which a certain percentage of data falls below; percentiles are on version of measuring the variability within a data set.
Percentiles
Form of percentiles that split the data up into groups of 10%.
Deciles
Similar to deciles, a form of percentiles.
Quartiles
Commonly referred to as an AVERAGE.
Measure of Central Tendency
It is single value that represents a data set.
Measure of Central Tendency
3 Different measures of Central Tendency
Mean
Median
Mode
often called as the mean.
Arithmetic Mean
It is appropriate to determine the central tendency of an interval or ratio data.
Arithmetic Mean
It is affected by the extreme small or large values on data set.
Mean
It is the most appropriate in symmetrical data.
Mean
It is particularly useful when various classes or groups contribute differently to the total.
Weighted Mean
It is found by multiplying each value by its corresponding weight and dividing by the sum of weights.
Weighted Mean
A set of n positive numbers is defined as the nth root of the product of the n numbers.
Geometric mean
It is the grand mean of all the values in all groups when two or more groups are combined.
Combined Mean
This is the midpoint of the data array.
Median
When the data set is ordered whether ascending or descending, it is called.
Data array
It is an appropriate measure of central tendency for data that are ordinal or above, but is more valuable in an ordinal type of data.
Median
Always exists and unique.
Median
Can be calculated for any quantitative and some qualitative variables.
Median
data set has only one value that occur the greatest frequency.
Unimodal
if the data has two values with the same greatest frequency.
Bimodal
If the data set have more than two modes.
Multimodal
data set of values have the same number frequency.
No mode
It is the easiest average to compute.
Mode
PURPOSE: Locates the center of a data set.
Measures of Central Tendency
It is appropriate measure of central tendency for data that are ordinal or above but is more valuable in an ordinal type of data.
[measure of central tendency]
Median
Most appropriate in a skewed data.
[measure of central tendency]
Median
Can be applied for ordinal, interval, and ratio data.
[measure of central tendency]
Median
Can be computed for an open-ended frequency distribution.
[measure of central tendency]
Median
A data may not contain any more if none of the values is “most typical.”
[measure of central tendency]
Mode
Found by locating the most frequently occurring value.
[measure of central tendency]
Mode
Easiest average to compute.
[measure of central tendency]
Mode
Statistical term that provides a good indication of volatility.
[measures of dispersion]
Standard Deviation
It measures how widely values are dispersed from the average.
[measures of dispersion]
Standard Deviation
It provides an average distance for each element from the mean.
[measures of dispersion]
Standard Deviation
Difference between the actual value and the average value.
[measures of dispersion]
Dispersion
Simplest and easiest way to determine measure of dispersion.
[measures of dispersion]
Range
The difference between the highest value and the lowest value in the data set.
[measures of dispersion]
Range
One of the most widely used measures of dispersion is the standard deviation.
Variance and Standard Deviation
The more spread apart the data, the higher the deviation.
Variance and Standard Deviation
Is calculated as the square root of variance.
[variance and standard deviation]
Standard Deviation
A mathematical expression of the average squared deviations from the mean.
[variance and standard deviation]
Variance
A measure of risk.
[variance and standard deviation]
Volatility
