Paper 3 - Uk Challenges Flashcards
8.1/a). Recourse Consumption And Environmental Sustainability Challenges?
Population is 64 million and rising - natural increase and migration,
Immigration and pressure on resources - political issues which divides country,
8.4 million people in the UK by 2035 - 3.8 million more by 2050,
Further strain on resources,
Planning can limit this,
Growth in energy production across the UK,
Housing, energy, hospitals, schools,
Environment - climate change and habitat lost.
8.1/b) Pressures Of Growing Populations On UK Ecosystems?
Increase in food production,
Increase in agribusiness which might reduce natural habitats,
More housing,
Greenfield sites could be knocked down,
Green belt land Use destroys open space and effects habitats through increased surface run off and erosion due to more impermeable surfaces,
New housing built on flood plains,
Greenhouse gas emissions could increase,
Addressing Issue:
Sustainable energy,
Building higher densities and using brownfield sites,
Switching to alternative energy sources,
Managing river catchment areas to reduce floods,
Improved education on conservation of energy,
Finding new sacred sources.
8.1/c) Range Of National Sustainable Transport Options For The UK?
Transport is responsible for a significant amount of UK’s energy,
Fossil fuels,
Public transport,
Cycle routes,
Car sharing,
Use of electric and hybrid cars improving air quality,
Congestion charge - London - nearly 9500 people die each year due to air pollution,so congestion charge was introduced in 2003,
Traffic levels reduced by 10.3% in first 10 years of scheme,
Green house gases have been reduced,
The pollutants that affect air quality have health have fallen by 12%,
In 2010, there was nearly 9400 early deaths caused by air pollution.
8.4/a) Uncertainty About How Global Climate Change Will Impact The UK’s Future Climate?
Average temperature is rising,
Risen by 1 degree in last 100 years,
Summer increasing more than winter,
By 2080, winter temps will increase by 2-4 degrees with average of 3-10,
Summer will increase by 3-5 degrees reaching an average of 15-22,
This compares with July 2016 temps in Lisbon of 24 and Madrid, 25,
Precipitation - computer modelling suggests winters will become wetter and summers, drier,
15-30% wetter in wonder but 15-30% drier in summer,
Extreme rainfall will become frequent,
UK coastline has experience more storm waves which, with rising sea levels, has caused million of pounds of damage to coastal defences around the country.
8.4/c) Range Of Responses To Climate Change In The UK At A Local And National Scale?
Local - family’s will make small actions to reduce emissions,
Name some,
Mayor of London delivered two city wide schemes to replace inefficient gas boilers,
London Boulder Cashback Scheme,
Better Boilers,
Replace boilers ^,
Cadhback provided 4000 homeowners and private landlord with £350 cashback to replace boilers with 70% less than efficiency,
New boilers have 90% more efficiency,
Chasback is reducing emissions by six metric tons per year,
6500 metric tons of CO2 are saved each year from the boiler schemes.
