Paper 2: Violence in Sport

Question 1

What causes violence amongst players?

Answer 1

Frustration-Aggression hypothesis

Social Learning Theory

Overarousal

Intimidation tactics

Question 2

What causes violence amongst spectators?

Answer 2

Hooliganism
- overconsumption of alcohol (poor decision making)
- pre-planned aggression

• violent behaviour on pitch can stimulate violent behaviour amongst spectators as a reaction
• rivalry
• mob mentality

Question 3

What causes violence in sport?

Answer 3

• Naturally violent
• Violent reputation
• Poor officiating

Question 4

What are the implications of violence on sport?

Answer 4

• Reputation harmed if violent behaviour is a regular occurrence
• Fewer spectators, don’t want to partake or condone violent behaviour
• Participation discouraged and reduced
• Affects the number of talented youngsters who can progress to the elite level, lessening standard of performance
• Overshadows any positive role models

Question 5

What are the implications of violence on performers?

Answer 5

• Victim = may suffer injury, miss games, affect future performance levels
• Instigator = punishment, ban, fines, negatively affects progression, not a positive role model
• Players may feel threatened and leave club, or become more aggressive in nature

Question 6

What are the implications of violence on spectators?

Answer 6

• Victims = serious injury, sometimes death
• Instigator = fine, ban, imprisonment