Industrial & Post Industrial Britain (1780-1900) Flashcards
What was the status of amateurs and professional performers in industrial Britain?
Upper class were amateurs
Lower/Middle class were professionals
Professionals were banned from playing in some competitions, while high membership fees kept clubs exclusive to the upper class.
How did the British Empire effect sports?
The British Empire spread the popularity of sports being played at home to the colonies.
This largely occurred as former public school boys took up leading roles within the military and spread the games they had played at school.
What is rational recreation?
Characterised by rules and skill and therefore seen as more socially acceptable for females compared to popular recreation.
How did transport during industrial Britain help sports?
An improvement in transport, particularly railways, allowed teams and spectators to travel across the nation to play and watch their sports.
This in turn led to a structured approach to sport and allowed spectators to follow their teams.
Also led to professional footballers being paid to play for another mill and move across the country.
How did urbanisation effect sport during industrial Britain?
Large numbers of people moved into urban areas in order to work in the new factories which were built.
This meant that most people now had less space to participate in physical activity due to the cramped living conditions.
How did the development of NGBs effect sport?
Ex-public school boys developed NGBs which provided structure for the sports which they played.
This led to codified rules which were standardised and the development of national fixtures and leagues.
How did the three-tier class system help develop sport during industrial Britain?
The middle class emerged and created a third-tier class system.
It was made up of people such as clergymen and merchants who were given more respect from the upper class.
They took part in lots of recreation and helped to develop modern sports through the creation of public schools and NGBs
How did the improvement in communication help develop sport during industrial Britain?
Improved literacy rates and developments in the printed press (media) allowed people to follow sporting activity more closely.
This encouraged more people to participate both as performers and spectators.
How did churches and local authorities effect sport during industrial Britain?
Churches set up their own teams which took part in respectable forms of recreation in an attempt to improve moral functioning.
They also dissuaded participation in popular recreation.
How did the Industrial Revolution lead to provision of sport through factories?
At first industrialisation meant there was reduced time for sports, as a result of increased working hours in factories.
There was also reduced space due to urbanisation.
However, the middle class began to see the benefits that sport had on their working staff, and encouraged participation.
Half-day on Saturdays, along with increased leisure time helped to increase participation rates.
Characteristics of sport during industrial Britain.
• Fixtures and leagues developed
• Regular
• Played by each of the classes
• Governing bodies were in place
• Positions and officiating were implemented
• The use of rules
• Reputable
Lawn Tennis case study
Created by the middle class in 1874 as an alternative version of real tennis and still played today.
It was not very popular with schoolboys due to the lack of physical challenge but it provided a greater opportunity for women to take part in sport.
Industrialisation definition
the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
Association Football case study
A game which evolved from mob football as the rules became standardised.
It developed as a result of the lack of space available in inner city areas and became popular with teams, fixtures and competitions being set up.
It provided an opportunity for factory workers to compete for money as professionals.
What are the Wenlock Olympian Games?
- Forebear to the modern olympic games
- Organised games which aimed to provide the opportunity for personal development for the working class.
