Paper 2 Theories

Question 1

Dronkers et al (2007)

Localisation of brain function

Answer 1

Found evidence to suggest that other areas (not just Broca’s) contributed to speech production failure

Question 2

Lashley

Localisation of brain function

Answer 2

Suggested that motor and sensory functions are localised but higher mental processes are not

Question 3

Phineas Gage

Localisation of brain function

Answer 3

Tamping rod through frontal lobe which resulted in a personality change

Question 4

Herasty (1997)

Localisation of brain function

Answer 4

Found women have a larger Broca’s and Wernicke’s area than men which suggests why women have a higher ease with language

Question 5

Sperry et al

Split brain research

Answer 5

Split brain patients with a cut corpus callosum
Left hemisphere= speech and language
Right hemisphere = visual motor tasks

Ie so left visual field is processed by right hemisphere

Question 6

Elbert etc al

Plasticity

Answer 6

The capacity for neural reorganisation is greater in children than adults

Question 7

Maguire

Plasticity and functional recovery

Answer 7

London taxi drivers have increased grey matter and size of hippocampus compared to control group
Suggest practice of spatial navigation affects hippocampus

Question 8

Function of frontal lobe

Answer 8

Emotion and regulates behavior

Broca’s area (speech production) and the motor area are found here

Question 9

Function of parietal lobe

Answer 9

Sensing pain, visual perception and orientation

Samatosensory area is found here

Question 10

Function of temporal lobe and effect of damage

Answer 10

Formation of verbal and visual information
Auditory area and Wernicke’s lobe (understanding language) is found here.
Damage= LTM issues, bad visual perception

Question 11

Hubel and Wiesel

Answer 11

In kittens, one eyes sewed shut until 6 months when it was opened again.
Found there was a lower number of neurons on the shut eye than the open eye

Question 12

Patient Tan

Answer 12

Could understand language, but not produce it (could only say tan)
Had a lesion in the left frontal lobe which supports the idea that Brocas area is responsible for speech production

Question 13

Function of Occipital lobe and what happens when damaged

Answer 13

Visual-spatial processing

Damage includes colour perception loss

Question 14

Where is Brocas area

Answer 14

Frontal lobe

Question 15

What areas are found in temporal lobe

Answer 15

Wernicks area
Auditory area
Hippocampus

Question 16

What does wernickes area do?

Answer 16

Responsible for understanding and processing speech

Question 17

What does brocas area do?

Answer 17

Responsible for speech production