Paper 2 production processes Flashcards
name 3 types of production processes
job, flow and batch
what is job production
each product made individually to meet owners requests
examples of job production
building a bridge, art pieces, creating advert, wedding photos, hair cut
3 advantages of job production
1 products usually high quality
2 products made to meet customer needs
3 often high job satisfaction for worker
2 disadvantages of job production
1 cost of production is high and labour costs are
2 high (skilled labour needed)
what is batch production
produce one type of product then changing production to make another type
examples of batch production
bakers, paint makers, clothing manufacturers, printers of books and magazines
3 advantages of batch production
1needs of different customers are meet
2 made to meet needs so cost of storage is reduced
3 can use specialist machinery to automate so reduce labour costs
what is flow production
involves an assembly line 1 product continuously made
examples of flow production
car assembly lines, manufacture of plate glass
advantages of flow production (4)
1 large amounts can be made
2 cost to produce 1 unit is low because of economies of scale
3 machinery can be used to reduce cost
4 improvements in technology mean variations to products can be introduced
disadvantages of flow production (5)
1 goods mass produced so quality can be poor
2 production is expensive to set up
3 need to keep large stocks of material - this can be 4 expensive if production on assembly line stops
5 jobs on assembly line can be repetitive and boring
what is automation
when production is controlled automatically by programming a computer to control machinery
what else outside of production can be automated
aeroplanes, ships an be guided and stabalised
what is the role of a worker in automation (2)
to oversee computers and check on production
how are computers used in production
they automate production
examples of industries involving computers
banking systems, attendance in schools, paying for meals and trips
what might be the impact of using computers in banking
cash will eventually disappear
outline a number of ways computer systems can be used in schools (3)
analyse data, set homework, pay for trips
name other industries using computer systems (3)
insurance, ticket sellers, health
what is robotics
when a computer is programmed to control a machine to do a task
which industries use robotics (3)
car manufacturing, electronics and manufacture of plastics
how have robotics developed in recent years
used to do repetitive unskilled work eg welding and painting but because of development of AI robots now do skilled complicated tasks and adjust to situations
7 advantages of technology
1 costs are reduced as number of workers is reduced and goods are produced faster
2machines are more accurate and waste is reduced so costs cut
3production is more flexible as machines can be programmed to produce a variety of products
4machinery is never absent from work
they work 24/7
5can do dangerous and boring tasks
6new technology results in new products which increase demand
7 disadvantages of technology in production
1 workers are made redundant when new technology is introduced and company has to pay redundancy pay
2 new skilled workers are usually in high demand and demand high pay
3 workers need training on new technology which costs
4 machines can break and disrupt production
5 expensive to buy new technology
6 customers sometimes dont like dealing with technology
7 where systems store data there can be security issues
