Paper 1 structure (done with)

Question 1

Section A- Question 1/2

Answer 1

Analyse how Text A uses language to create meanings and representations (news article)

Analyse how Text B uses language to create meanings and representations. (opening chapter of a cookbook)

A03 (context) + A01 (language analysis)
25 marks each

Question 2

How to answer question 1/2

Answer 2

Read text

Analyse the text for:
TAP of text 
Affordances and limitations
context
representations using linguistic techniques

Intro paragraph= include context
Text a is a discussion form on the website mumsnet. This has affordabces of

Answer:
representation
technique/ quote 
analysis 
context
(RTAC)

Use represents throughout

Question 3

Language methods to look for in question 1/23

Answer 3

Semantic fields- group of words from the same field of knowledge (disease, war)
language metaphors(extended)-
pronouns- constant use of we, us, you
modal auxiliary verbs- a verb that indicates probability
interrogative/ imperatives- questioning/ commanding
sarcasm/humor
hyperbole/sensationalized language- general exaggeration
non- standard forms- writing in accents/ non-normal ways
rhetorical devices- used to convince the reader (rhetorical questions, allusion, anaphora)
relative clauses- a sub clause attached to a main
clause (usually an explanation/clarification of what they just said)

mainly semantic patterns and clause types

(text structure?)

Question 4

Section A- Question 3

Answer 4

Explore the similarities and differences in the ways that Text A and Text B use language.

A04 (Connections across texts)
20 marks

Question 5

How to answer question 3

Answer 5

Contrasts/ similar uses:
subject of the text
context (format, technology, time period, voice, aim, audience)
techniques (semantic field, etc)

include examples
use comparative language
draw a representation from one text, explain how it is done, then compare it to the other texts representation

C- comparison
T-technique
A- analysis 
C-context 
Repeat 2x per paragraph (1 per each text)
2 paragraphs? (1 1/2 page ish)

Question 6

Section B- Question 4

Answer 6

Statement such as:
Nature is more important than nurture in a child’s language development.’

Referring to Data Set 1 in detail, and to relevant ideas from language study, evaluate this
view of children’s language development.

30 marks

Question 7

How to answer question 4

Answer 7

(45 mins (writing?))
read the text
highlight + annotate for theorists and concepts
Context of situation (with parent, in bedroom etc)

4x:
Point 
Data reference 
theory 
own example/ study example

Question 8

Things to look for in question 4 (CDS)

Answer 8

Higher pitch + exaggerated intonation
repeated words
repeated sentence frames (that’s a, that’s a)
questions and commands
absence of pronouns
absence of past tense
one word utterances
simple sentences
omission of inflections such as plurals and possessives
fewer verbs, modifiers and function words (my, at)
use of concrete nouns and dynamic verbs
use of expansions (where parent fills out child’s utterance)
Use of re-casting (where the child’s vocabulary is put into a new utterance)

Question 9

Things to look for in question 4 (lexis)

Answer 9

-ing ending
preposition in/on
plural ending s
past tense form went
possession using 's
verb to be
definitive and indefinite articles the and a 
regular past tense ending -ed

If they can do the last one, we can assume that they can do the rest according to Roger Brown, who said that children acquire linguistic skills in a specific order

Question 10

Things to look for in question 4 (phonology)

Answer 10

(mainly for 2 word stage)
Lip sounds and plosives (come early in development)
initial consonants appear correctly before later ones
more different sounds are used at the beginning of words rather than the end
friction sounds avoided
sounds made at the front of the mouth preferred
in 3 sound words, sounds are produced in the same position eg “gog”- assimilation
consonant clusters avoided
final consonants left out
avoidance of “quiet” syllables such as the g in giraffe
reduplication- repeating syllables common
prefer initial voiced, final voiceless sounds- leads to deletion
substitution- substituting one sound for another such as “tip” for “ship”

At 2-3 (telegraphic stage) the pronunciations of the letters below are standardized
Perfect Babies Try Daringly to Kick Granny Making Her Jump

Question 11

Things to look for in question 4 (pragmatics/ Dore’s infant language functions)

Answer 11

John Dore’s infant language functions, simplified from Halliday’s learning how to mean functions

LABELLING-Naming or identifying a person, object or experience
REPEATING-Echoing something spoken by an adult speaker
ANSWERING-Giving a direct response to an utterance from another speaker
REQUESTING ACTION-Demanding food, drink, toy, assistance etc
CALLING-Attracting attention by shouting
GREETING-Pretty self explanatory
PROTESTING-Objecting to requests etc
PRACTISING-Using and repeating language when no adult is present