Pancreas, Liver & Gallbladder (German)

Question 1

What is the difference between Exocrine and Endocrine

Answer 1

Exocrine: Secretes ONTO something

Endocrine: Secretes into the blood stream

Question 2

Name the 3 Types of Exocrine Glands

Answer 2

1. Merocrine
   
   2. Holocrine
      
      3. Apocrine

Question 3

Give an example of a merocrine gland

Answer 3

Salivary gland, Pancreas (releases via exocytosis)

Question 4

Sebaceous gland is an example of a….. gland

Answer 4

Holocrine Gland

Question 5

What is the function of Apocrine glands

Answer 5

Secrete membrane enclosed cytoplasm containing proteins and lipids

example (mammary glands)

Question 6

True or False

The pancreas is and exocrine organ

Answer 6

False: Exocrine AND Endocrine

Question 7

What is a Zymogen

Answer 7

AN inactive enzyme precursor

Question 8

These cells secrete glucagon and make of 30% of Islet cells

Answer 8

Alpha cells

Question 9

What do Beta cells secrete?

Answer 9

Secrete insulin

65% of Islet cell

Question 10

What do Gamma cells secrete

Answer 10

Secrete Somatostatin

• Inhibits GI and pancreatic endocrine and exocrine secretion
• 4% of islet cells

Question 11

What do PP cells secrete?

Answer 11

Pancreatic polypeptide

1% of Islet cell

Question 12

What are the 4 functions of the Liver

Answer 12

1. Blood reservoir
2. Bile secretion
3. Detoxification
4. Metabolic homeostasis

Question 13

What are the 3 major cell types of the liver

Answer 13

1. Hepatocyte (work horse of liver)
2. Kuppfer cell
3. Sinusoidal epithelial cell

Question 14

These cells produce bile and metabolize carbs, prteins and lipids….

Answer 14

Hepatocyte - workhorse of liver

Question 15

Which liver cell removes pathogens from blood

Answer 15

Kuppfer cell (Liver specific macrophage)

Question 16

What defining charecteristic do sinusoidal epithelial cells have?

Answer 16

No basement membrand

Large pores between cells

Question 17

What is the main function of the Gall Bladder?

Answer 17

To store and secrete Bile

Question 18

What stimulates the release of bile?

Answer 18

CCK

Question 19

What does bile contain and where is it made?

Answer 19

Made by the liver

Contains: Bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipids, bilirubins & waste

Question 20

Which liver cell filters blood?

Answer 20

Kupffer cells filer the blood

Question 21

Name the 3 structures of the liver architecture classification

Answer 21

1. Classic hepatic lobule (endocrine)
2. Portal lobule (exocrine)
3. Hepatic acinus (3 zones)

Question 22

Name the 3 zones and their functions of the Hepatic Acinus

Answer 22

I - periportal zone O2 & nutrient RICH

II - intermediate zone

III - peripheral zone: O2 POOR

Question 23

What are the phases of detoxification?

Answer 23

Phase I: drugs areconverted into morepolar compound (oxidized) Cytchrom p450 and microsomal oxidases

Phase II: Drugs conjugated to hydrophilic molecules
-Transerases