PAMs Flashcards
Cryotherapy Effects
Reliefs pain
Controls edema
Decreases abnormal tone
Used for acute injuries and post-surgical repair
Cryotherapy Indications
Acute pain, spasticity, edema
Cryotherapy precautions and contraindications
Impaired sensation, peripheral vascular disease, reynaud’s, leukemia, open wound
Thermotherapy effects
Relieves pain
Increased tissue extensibility prior to ROM
Assists with wound healing
Increases blood flow
Decreases muscle spasm
Thermotherapy precautions and contraindications
Acute inflammation, edema, sensory impairment, cancer, infection, cardiac impairment, DVT, RA
Hot and ice pack mechanism
Superficial thermal conduction
Continuous ultrasound effects
THERMAL
Increase blood flow and tissue permeability
Decrease pain
Increase tissue extensibility
Reduce muscle spasm
Pulsed ultrasound effects
Increase protein synthesis, bone healing m decrease inflammation
Phonophpresis
Use of US and medication (hydrocortisone or dexamethasone) to support tissue healing and inflammation
Ultrasound precautions and contraindications
Cancer, pregnancy, pacemaker, infection, over growth plates, caution with fx, implants and cognitive impairments, acute inflammation, osteoporosis
Ultrasound mechanism
Deep conversion (thermal or non-thermal)
NMES effects
Wound healing, increase ROM, muscle strengthening, decrease edema, facilitated voluntary motor movement, decrease spasticity
TENS effects
Pain control
Iontophoresis
Use of electrical stimulation and medication (dexamethasone) for inflammation and pain control
Electrical stimulation precautions and contraindications
Pacemakers, carotid sinus, pregnancy, epilepsy, cancer, infection, cardiac disease, early stage tendon repair, exposed metal, across broken skin
