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SF1 2 > Palm of the Hand > Flashcards

Palm of the Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial)

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform

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2
Q

Distal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial)

A

Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

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3
Q

Triangular-shaped thickening of deep fascia which lies immediately deep to the subcutaneous tissue of the palm.

A

Palmar aponeurosis

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4
Q

Proximally, the apex of the palmar aponeurosis is attached to the ______ _____ tendon when present. Otherwise it’s attached to flexor retinaculum

A

palmaris longus tendon

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5
Q

Distally the palmar aponeurosis divides into four slips, one to each finger, to attach to the ____ ____ sheaths

A

fibrous digital sheaths

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6
Q

Functions of the palmar aponeurosis (2)

A

1) gives firm attachment to the skin of the palm to improve grip
2) protects the underlying vessels, nerves, and long flexor tendons

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7
Q

Only muscle innervated by the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

A

palmaris brevis

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8
Q

Small quadrate shaped muscle that is superficial to the hypothenar muscles in the medial hand. Attached to the skin of the palm.

A

palmaris brevis

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9
Q

Action of the palmaris brevis

A

tightens skin over hypothenar eminence

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10
Q

Cover the palmar side of each digit with arching and cross-shaped fibers. They form a tunnel through which pass the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus to their insertions.

A

Fibrous digital sheaths

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11
Q

Prevents bowstringing of the long flexor tendons at the wrist

A

Flexor retinaculum

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12
Q

Form a muscular mound at the base of the thumb. Consists of these three muscles that insert and act on it.

A

1) abductor pollicis brevis
2) flexor pollicis brevis
3) opponens pollicis

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13
Q

Innervation of all three thenar muscles

A

recurrent branch of the median nerve

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14
Q

Action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

abducts thumb

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15
Q

Action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

flexes thumb

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16
Q

Located deep the the other two thenar muscles

A

opponens pollicis

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17
Q

Action of the opponens pollicis

A

medially rotates metacarpal I to oppose thumb

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18
Q

Two heads of the adductor pollicis (ordered proximal to distal)

A

1) oblique head

2) transverse head

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19
Q

Has an oblique head and a transverse head of origin; both insert on the thumb. It is not, however, a thenar muscle.

A

adductor pollicis

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20
Q

Action of the adductor pollicis

A

adducts thumb

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21
Q

Produce the eminence at the base of the little finger

A

Hypothenar muscles

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22
Q

Name the hypothenar muscles (3)

A

1) abductor digit minimi
2) flexor digit minimi brevis
3) opponens digit minimi

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23
Q

Innervation of the hypothenar eminence muscles

A

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

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24
Q

Action of the opponens digit minimi

A

Laterally rotates metacarpal V, aids in bringing little finger into opposition with thumb

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25
Q

Action of the abductor digit minimi

A

abducts little finger

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26
Q

Action of the flexor digit minimi brevis

A

flexes little finger

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27
Q

Four worm-like muscles that originate from flexor digitorum profundus tendons in the palm and insert on lateral side of extensor expansion of digits 2-5 (index finger to little finger)

A

lumbricals

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28
Q

Actions of the lumbricals (2)

A

Flexion of MP joint and extension of IP joints

29
Q

Innervation of the medial lumbricals

A

Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

30
Q

Innervation of the lateral lumbricals

A

Digital branches of median nerve

31
Q

Origin of the lumbricals

A

tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

32
Q

Insertion of the lumbricals

A

Lateral side of extensor expansion of digits 2-5

33
Q

Four muscles located between the metacarpal bones on dorsum of hand.

A

Dorsal interosseous muscles

34
Q

Actions of the dorsal interosseous muscles (3)

A

1) flexion of MP joints
2) extension of IP joints
3) abduction away from axis through middle finger

35
Q

Innervation of the interosseous muscles

A

Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

36
Q

Three muscles located between metacarpal bones on palmar side of hand.

A

Palmar Interosseous muscles

37
Q

Actions of the palmar interosseous muscles (3)

A

1) flexion of MP joints
2) extension of IP joints
3) adduction towards axis through middle finger

38
Q

The ulnar artery mainly supplies which digits

A

medial 3.5

39
Q

The radial artery mainly supplies which digits

A

lateral 1.5

40
Q

Continuation of the ulnar artery into the palm. Courses laterally in palm between palmar aponeurosis and long flexor tendons of the digits. Anastomoses with the palmar branch of the radial artery on lateral side of palm.

A

Superficial palmar arch

41
Q

Branches off the superficial palmar artery (2)

A

1) Palmar digital artery (to little finger)

2) Common palmar digital arteries

42
Q

Three arteries that supply fingers 2-5. Receive palmar metacarpal arteries from deep palmar arch. Bifurcate into proper palmar digital arteries that enter fingers.

A

Common palmar digital arteries

43
Q

Originates from the ulnar artery at the wrist. Pierces the origin of the hypothenar muscles to enter deep palm. Anastomoses with the deep palmar arch, which is located on the bases of the metacarpals.

A

Deep branch of ulnar artery

44
Q

Terminal branches of the ulnar artery (2)

A

1) superficial palmar arch

2) deep palmar arch

45
Q

Main source of the deep palmar arch

A

radial artery

46
Q

Branches of the radial artery in the dorsum of the hand (2)

A

1) first dorsal metacarpal artery

2) dorsal carpal arch

47
Q

Branches of the radial artery in the palm of the hand (lateral to medial; 3)

A

1) princeps pollicis artery
2) radialis indicis artery
3) deep palmar artery

48
Q

Bifurcates into the dorsal digital artery to adjacent sides of thumb and index finger.

A

First dorsal metacarpal artery

49
Q

Gives rise to dorsal metacarpal arteries, which bifurcate into dorsal digital arteries to supply adjacent sides of fingers

A

Dorsal carpal arch

50
Q

Gives off two branches (itself from the radial artery) that supply the thumb

A

princeps pollicis artery

51
Q

Supplies the lateral side of the index finger (artery)

A

Radialis indicis artery

52
Q

Located on the palmar surface of the bases of the metacarpals. Completed medially by anastomosing with the deep branch of the ulnar artery. Gives off three palmar metacarpal arteries, which anastomose with the common palmar digital arteries from the superficial palmar arch.

A

Deep palmar arch

53
Q

The median, ulnar and radial nerves all provide sensory fibers to the skin. However, only ____ and ____ nerves innervate intrinsic muscles of the hand.

A

median and ulnar

54
Q

The ulnar nerve enters the wrist lateral to the pisiform bone and passes anterior to flexor retinaculum. It divides into a superficial branch, mostly , and a deep branch, mostly

A

sensory; motor

55
Q

The deep branch of ulnar nerve innervates… (4)

A

1) hypothenar muscles
2) medial 2 lumbricals
3) all interossei muscles
4) adductor pollicis

56
Q

Innervated by superficial branch of ulnar nerve (3)

A

1) skin of medial 1.5 digits
2) skin of distal medial 1/3 of palm
3) palmaris brevis

57
Q

Innervates the hypothenar muscles, interosseous muscles, medial two lumbricals, and adductor pollicis

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

58
Q

Multiple choice: Sensory innervation of distal 1/3rd of medial palm and medial 1.5 digits

a) superficial branch of ulnar nerve
b) palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve
c) dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

A

a) superficial branch of ulnar nerve

59
Q

Multiple choice: Sensory innervation of proximal 1/3 of medial palm

a) superficial branch of ulnar nerve
b) palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve
c) dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

A

b) palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

60
Q

Multiple choice: Sensory innervation of medial 1/3 of dorsum of hand and dorsum of medial 1.5 digits

a) superficial branch of ulnar nerve
b) palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve
c) dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

A

c) dorsal cutaneous branch

61
Q

Motor innervation in palm of hand by median nerve branches (2)

A

1) all 3 thenar muscles by recurrent branch of median nerve

2) lateral 2 lumbrical muscles by digital branches

62
Q

Emerges just distal to the flexor retinaculum and passes laterally to innervate the three thenar muscles

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

63
Q

Provides sensory innervation to the skin of the palmar side of lateral 3.5 digits (thumb to lateral side of ring finger) and skin over distal phalanges of these digits dorsally. Also innervates the lateral two lumbrical muscles.

A

Palmar digital nerves

64
Q

Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve from the forearm enters palm above the ______, not through the carpal tunnel

A

above the retinaculum

65
Q

Distribution of sensory innervation of digital branches of median nerve (3)

A

1) lateral 3.5 digits (palmar side)
2) distal lateral 2/3 of palm
3) nailbeds on dorsum of lateral 3.5 digits

66
Q

Distribution of palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve (1)

A

proximal lateral 2/3 of palm

67
Q

Which nerve has no motor innervation to hand muscles, just sensory?

A

Radial nerve

68
Q

Innervation of superficial branch of radial nerve in the hand (2)

A

1) lateral 2/3 of dorsum of hand

2) dorsal side of the proximal part of the lateral 3.5 digits

SF1 2 (11 decks)

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