Pain Types & Management- Chp 28 Flashcards

1
Q

Pain is …

A

subjective, real, personal
interferes w/ quality of life

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2
Q

How is pain expressed physiologically?

A

Vital signs and changes in vitals can show pain physiologically. (Vitals signs often change in general, so should not be used as a sole indicator)

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3
Q

Pain stimulates which nervous system?

A

Sympathetic. “Fight or Flight”

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4
Q

About 1/2 of our sensitivity to pain is determined by our genetics. T or F

A

True

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5
Q

Does pain elicit a stress response?

A

Yes

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6
Q

lasts for 0-3 months; rapid in onset; frequently associated w/ something else & resolves as healing takes past

A

acute

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7
Q

free nerve cell endings that sense harmful stimuli and trigger the sensation of pain

A

nociceptors

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8
Q

the process of the nervous system encoding harmful stimuli

A

nociceptive

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9
Q

How is acute pain usually treated?

A

With Narcotics/ Analgesics

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10
Q

pain that lasts 3 months and beyond; becomes its own “disease” where pt lacks “tangible evidence” of the pain

A

Persistent (Chronic) Pain

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11
Q

Treatment for persistent chronic pain

A

Opioids
Anti Convulsants
Anti Depressants

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12
Q

Episode of pain that last hours to days & is an escalation in usual discomfort

A

pain flare

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13
Q

Nociceptive pain is a form of ______ and can be _____ or ______

A

form of acute pain.
can be somatic pain or visceral pain

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14
Q

pain in skin, joints, muscles, bones; this pain is localized

A

somatic pain

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15
Q

pain in internal organs; poorly localized; tends to be described as cramping, squeezing, or “heavy.”

A

visceral pain

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16
Q

pain that is felt in one part of the body, but the source of the pain is somewhere else

A

referred pain

17
Q

pain caused by damage or disease to the CNS; burning, tingling pain; acute but chronic, pain can come in flares

A

neuropathic pain

18
Q

Treatment for neuropathic pain

A

opioids
anti depressant
anti convulsant

19
Q

An increased sensitivity to feeling pain and an extreme response to pain

A

hyperalgesia

20
Q

Most frequent pain for older adults

A

somatic / persistent pain

21
Q

Must older adults worry about what syx?

A

Constipation

22
Q

What must given when prescribed an opioid?

A

Stool softener

23
Q

Manifestations of pain include

A

increased blood pressure
increased heart rate
increased respiratory rate (can cause hypoxia)

24
Q

Physical assessment for pain includes which 2 skills

A

inspection
palpation (usually used for visceral pain)

25
Q

a sudden increase in pain that occurs after the effects of a nerve block or anesthesia wear off.

A

rebound pain

26
Q

Characteristics of Pain

A

Onset- When did it start?
Location- Where is the pain?
Duration- How long have u had the pain?
Quality- How would u describe the pain?
Intensity- How would u rate the pain?
Aggravate/Alleviates- What makes the pain better?

27
Q

Pain Assessment should include

A

Pain location, intensity, quality
temporal pattern (how the pain changes over time w/ activitY)

28
Q

Examples of physiologic responses to pain

A

Increased blood pressure, heart rate, & Respiratory rate,
Metabolic responses

29
Q

Examples of verbal and non verbal responses to pain

A

Facial grimacing,
Guarding,
Vocalizations,
Muscle tension

30
Q

central pain that seems to derive from broken or missing filters or other damage to the central nervous system.

A

nociplastic pain

31
Q

pain in the skin area; part of somatic pain

A

cutaneous pain