Pain Types & Management- Chp 28

Question 1

Pain is …

Answer 1

subjective, real, personal
interferes w/ quality of life

Question 2

How is pain expressed physiologically?

Answer 2

Vital signs and changes in vitals can show pain physiologically. (Vitals signs often change in general, so should not be used as a sole indicator)

Question 3

Pain stimulates which nervous system?

Answer 3

Sympathetic. “Fight or Flight”

Question 4

About 1/2 of our sensitivity to pain is determined by our genetics. T or F

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Does pain elicit a stress response?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

lasts for 0-3 months; rapid in onset; frequently associated w/ something else & resolves as healing takes past

Answer 6

acute

Question 7

free nerve cell endings that sense harmful stimuli and trigger the sensation of pain

Answer 7

nociceptors

Question 8

the process of the nervous system encoding harmful stimuli

Answer 8

nociceptive

Question 9

How is acute pain usually treated?

Answer 9

With Narcotics/ Analgesics

Question 10

pain that lasts 3 months and beyond; becomes its own “disease” where pt lacks “tangible evidence” of the pain

Answer 10

Persistent (Chronic) Pain

Question 11

Treatment for persistent chronic pain

Answer 11

Opioids
Anti Convulsants
Anti Depressants

Question 12

Episode of pain that last hours to days & is an escalation in usual discomfort

Answer 12

pain flare

Question 13

Nociceptive pain is a form of ______ and can be _____ or ______

Answer 13

form of acute pain.
can be somatic pain or visceral pain

Question 14

pain in skin, joints, muscles, bones; this pain is localized

Answer 14

somatic pain

Question 15

pain in internal organs; poorly localized; tends to be described as cramping, squeezing, or “heavy.”

Answer 15

visceral pain

Question 16

pain that is felt in one part of the body, but the source of the pain is somewhere else

Answer 16

referred pain

Question 17

pain caused by damage or disease to the CNS; burning, tingling pain; acute but chronic, pain can come in flares

Answer 17

neuropathic pain

Question 18

Treatment for neuropathic pain

Answer 18

opioids
anti depressant
anti convulsant

Question 19

An increased sensitivity to feeling pain and an extreme response to pain

Answer 19

hyperalgesia

Question 20

Most frequent pain for older adults

Answer 20

somatic / persistent pain

Question 21

Must older adults worry about what syx?

Answer 21

Constipation

Question 22

What must given when prescribed an opioid?

Answer 22

Stool softener

Question 23

Manifestations of pain include

Answer 23

increased blood pressure
increased heart rate
increased respiratory rate (can cause hypoxia)

Question 24

Physical assessment for pain includes which 2 skills

Answer 24

inspection
palpation (usually used for visceral pain)

Question 25

a sudden increase in pain that occurs after the effects of a nerve block or anesthesia wear off.

Answer 25

rebound pain

Question 26

Characteristics of Pain

Answer 26

Onset- When did it start? Location- Where is the pain? Duration- How long have u had the pain? Quality- How would u describe the pain? Intensity- How would u rate the pain? Aggravate/Alleviates- What makes the pain better?

Question 27

Pain Assessment should include

Answer 27

Pain location, intensity, quality temporal pattern (how the pain changes over time w/ activitY)

Question 28

Examples of physiologic responses to pain

Answer 28

Increased blood pressure, heart rate, & Respiratory rate, Metabolic responses

Question 29

Examples of verbal and non verbal responses to pain

Answer 29

Facial grimacing, Guarding, Vocalizations, Muscle tension

Question 30

central pain that seems to derive from broken or missing filters or other damage to the central nervous system.

Answer 30

nociplastic pain

Question 31

pain in the skin area; part of somatic pain

Answer 31

cutaneous pain