Asepsis - Infectious Agents- Chp 20 Flashcards
agent that stops or slows the growth of micro-orgs on living tissue; commonly used for hand washing, skin prep & wound packing or irrigation
antiseptic
the absence of disease-producing micro-orgs
asepsis.
Ppl who test positive for an organism but have no syx of disease
carriers
State in which a micro-org is present, but no immune reaction or tissue destruction occurs
colonization
How do nurses provide safe, infection controlled environment for pts?
Asepsis, aseptic technique
pt placement
to make free from disease producing organisms
Asepsis
MDROs=
Multi Drug Resistant Organisms
these are resistnat to 3 or more classes of abx/ anti fungals
MDROs
How are microbes spread?
Most popular route of infection
Direct contact
What is done on surgical wounds?
Surgical asepsis
Why is surgical asepsis done on surgical wounds?
To prevent MRSA in wounds
origination from a hospital
nosocomial
Factors that contribute to MDROs
Over use of abx
Treatment w/ inappropriate abx
Not finishing course of abx
Increased used of abx in farming
Spreading via syx free carriers
package of interventions/ checklist done to prevent surgical infection/ decrease infection
Bundles/bundling
How to prevent SSI for pt’s going into OR
-Pt get abx prior to OR
- Pt wipes down w/ Chlorhexidine wipes
- Pt cannot use razors prior to sx (clippers only)
- Pt must have normothermia (so you will have good profusion and less likely to get infection)
Agents that cause infections
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Parasite
Prions
system microbial Infection in the blood; can cause multi damage to the organs
sepsis
presence of pathologic org in blood stream
septicemia or bacteremia
What causes septic shock?
Extremely low BP/hypotension
Normal WBC count
5k- 10k
What can sepsis do to the body?
Cause multiple damage to organs
SIRS- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Can be fatal if not caught early
Early presenting symptoms of Sepsis is
SIRS- Systemic Inflammation Response Syndrome
Syx Criteria needed for a sepsis workup?
How many syx need to be present to trigger possible sepsis?
-Body temp greater than 100.4 or less than 96.8
-Heart Rate greater than 90
-Respirations greater than 20
-Leukocytosis or Neutropenia
Just 2 syx need to be present for workup
Leukocytosis is
high WBC count
Neutropenia is
low WBC count
causes a bluish-red, lace-like pattern under the skin.
skin mottling
Body temp less than 96.8 F rectally is
Cold Sepsis- no perfusion of blood and oxygen- organs can start to fail
What does a fever do to pathogens?
Slows down the pathogen
S&S of a localized infection?
Redness, Edema, Temperature, Pain
S&S of systemic infection?
Low BP
High Heart Rate
High Resp Rate
Fever
Elevated WBC count
Malaise
an urgent MDRO; comes from over use of abx; wears down intestinal lining; has spores in feces; needs bleach cleaning
C. Difficile
Hospital acquired infection
hospital acquired infection only
Infections acquired in ALL health care settings
HAI
