Pain Pharmologic Interventions Flashcards
uses two or more analgesics with different mechanisms of action to maximize pain relief
multimodal therapy
pain relieving med
analgesic
Acetaminophen (APAP) and NSAIDs are examples of
Nonopioids
Acetaminophen given no more than 3g/a day
Can be given via IV
IV Acetaminophen
Offirmev
IV Motrin
Caldolor
Too much NSAIDs can cause
Too much Acetaminiohen
causes tiny cuts in stomach lining & can cause bleeding
causes liver damage
narcotics that block pain signals between body & brain.
Opioids (Fentanyl, Oxycontin, Vicodin) etc
Drugs w/ primary indication other than pain ; enhance effects of pain meds
Adjuvant Analgesics- antidepressants and antiepileptics).
Drugs without analgesic properties that can be critical to pain management
adjuvants (ex: sleep meds, amxiety meds)
programmable pump to admin meds by patient request; demand only by pressing button, dose is not continuous. Pt must be physically & cognitively able
Patient controlled Analgesic (PCA)
Opioids can induce …
respiratory/ CNS depression
Patient LOC while medicated should be …
Patients should NOT be
Awake & Alert
Sleepy, but arousable
SHould NOT be somnolent or drowsy and sleepy
What should be assessed when pt has been treated w/ opioids?
LOC/ Level of sedation
Neurologically in tact patients will have an increased level of sedation before exhibiting S & S of respiratory depression. T or False
True
Why is it important to pay attention to patient’s level of sedation?
Change in LOC or Level of sedation can result in respiratory depression
hypoventilation, a slow, shallow breathing rate; when the lungs do not exchange gases properly, causing a low breathing rate; respiratory rate less than 12 breaths per minute)
respiratory depression/CNS depression
Patients can develop a dependence when receiving opioids for more than a few days.
T or F
MD does not need to be made aware that patient has hx of opioid abuse.
False- MD should be made aware bc pt could have a tolerance and need more anesthesia for procedure
How do you stop meds for clients who have dependance?
You must TAPER clients of meds
Pt can continue stool softeners post op when bowel sounds return. T or F
True
Side effects of opioids
CNS/respiratory depression
Sedation
Dizziness
Hypotension
N&V
Dry Mouth
Itching/ Pruitis
Dependence
Tolerance
Constipation
Fall risk
Nonpharmacologic Interventions
Heat (barried needed)
Cold (barrier needed)
TENS machine
Distraction
Relaxation
Imagery
Mindfulness
Sleep and Activity
How is pain relief BEST managed?
By using prevention rather than waiting until the pain becomes severe to treat.
Relieving pain, even if it speeds up death, is the ethical and moral obligation of the professional nurse. T or F
True,
