Pain Management Flashcards
define somatic pain
localized aching or throbbing
define visceral pain
pain in organs
define central pain
non-nerve related, pain that cannot be identified physically
fibromyalgia is categorized under what type of pain?
central pain
what is the purpose of the JCAHO accreditation?
inform patients rights to pain assessment and management
define nociception
sensation of pain
define proprioception
perception of the body/placement of limbs
define allodynia or hyperalgesia
hypersensitivity and pain response to normal tactile stimuli. such as a sunburn
define analgesia
blocking only of nociception
define anesthesia
blocking all sensation
where does initiation of pain occur?
from stimulus in periphery
where does transmission of pain occur?
in spinal cord
where does perception of pain occur?
in brain
where does reaction of pain occur?
what is the reaction?
in brainstem-reflex motor
inhibition or sensitization outputs
what do Mu opioid receptors do on pre-synaptic neuron?
blunt pain and block calcium channels to decrease NT release
Mu opioid receptors are inhibitory or non-inhibitory?
G-protein coupled or non-G protein coupled
inhibitory and G-protein couplred
what do the free nerve endings in the dermis of skin sense?
light touch, pressure, or pain perception
where is the first stop once a pain signal is initiated?
the spinal cord dorsal horn
what do Mu opioid receptors do on post-synaptic neuron?
cause hyperpolarization by increasing k+ out of neuron and desensitize
what part of the brain is the primary site for distribution of pain signals?
thalamus
projections to _____________ localize pain
somatosensory cortex
projections to ________ and _______ shape emotional and cognitive responses and reactions
prefrontal cortex, limbic areas
which parts of the brain carry out descending modulation of pain?
rostral ventromedial medulla
periaqueductal gray
which parts of the brain influence motivational information (to prevent future pain)?
Ventral tegmental area
Thalamus
