Dementia Disorders

Question 1

primary dementia is aka ______ dementia

Answer 1

Irreversible

Question 2

secondary dementia is aka ______ dementia

Answer 2

reversible

Question 3

what is the most common type of dementia? (over 90% of cases)

Answer 3

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 4

vascular dementia is associated with a history of _____

Answer 4

stroke

Question 5

lewy body dementia is defined as dementia with _______ symptoms

Answer 5

parkinsonian

Question 6

vascular dementia makes up less than ____ of irreversible dementia types

Answer 6

10%

Question 7

lewy body dementia makes up less than ____ of irreversible dementia types

Answer 7

5%

Question 8

frontotemporal dementia is aka as?

Answer 8

pick’s disease

Question 9

frontotemporal dementia makes up less than ____ of irreversible dementia types

Answer 9

5%

Question 10

what does MMSE stand for?

Answer 10

mini mental status examination

Question 11

what does MoCA stand for?

Answer 11

montreal cognitive impairment

Question 12

the MMSE is a 30-point scale where a ______ value means better function

Answer 12

higher

Question 13

on the MoCA, a score less than 25/30 indicates?

Answer 13

significant cognitive impairment

Question 14

what is the most common symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)?

Answer 14

memory impairment

Question 15

all forms of AD show overproduction and/or decreased clearance of a family of proteins known as?

Answer 15

amyloid beta peptides

Question 16

all forms of AD have ___ protein entailments

Answer 16

tau

Question 17

frontotemporal dementia is characterized by ____ and ____

Answer 17

mood, aphasia

Question 18

frontotemporal dementia responds well to what class of drugs?

Answer 18

antidepressants

Question 19

what drug class may worsen symptoms of frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 19

cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 20

what 2 things are distinct in lewy body dementia?

Answer 20

recurrent visual hallucinations and motor features of Parkinson’s disease

Question 21

which drugs should be avoided in AD?

Answer 21

benzos, opioids, anticholinergics, and antipsychs

Question 22

what are the three acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors (CEIs) which are considered first line agents for AD?

Answer 22

donepezil
galantamine
rivastigmine

Question 23

what is the name of the glutamatergic inhibitor used for AD?

Answer 23

memantine

Question 24

what dosage forms does donepezil come in?
what time of day is it given?
how often is it dosed?

Answer 24

tablets and ODT
morning
qd

Question 25

what dosage forms does rivastigmine come in?
how often is it dosed?

Answer 25

capsules
oral solution
patch
bid

Question 26

what dosage forms does galantamine come in?
how often is it dosed?

Answer 26

tablets
oral solution
ER capsules
qd

Question 27

what are the main 5 SEs of CEIs?

Answer 27

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, syncope, and insomnia

Question 28

CEIs should be discontinued in patients who develop?

Answer 28

bradycardia

Question 29

what dosage forms does memantine come in?

Answer 29

tablets
oral solution
ER capsules

Question 30

memantine-donepezil is a combo drug and is dosed?

Answer 30

qd

Question 31

how long should we use a treatment to determine its efficacy?

Answer 31

3-6 months

Question 32

as review; list the treatment(s) for each dementia type:
mild cognitive impairment
alzheimer’s
vascular dementia
lewy body dementia
frontotemporal dementia (pick’s disease)

Answer 32

no treatment
CEIs and memantine
control CV risk factors
CEIs and memantine
antidepressants/speech therapy