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Block 4 Week 1 Dani > Pain Lecture - Blake > Flashcards

Pain Lecture - Blake Flashcards

1
Q

what type of nerve fibers are used for nociception ?

A

C-fibers and A(delta) fibers

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2
Q

what type of receptors are found in the periphery and are important in signal transduction for nociception?

A

TRPV1 receptors

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3
Q

Define Hyperalgesia

A

heightened sense of pain to a noxious stimuli

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4
Q

define allodynia

A

pain resulting from normally painless stimuli

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5
Q

what is the predominant location of excitatory neuropeptide input from primary afferents?
What Lamina?

A

Substantia Gelatinosa

Lamina 2

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6
Q

what the are key spots in the brain that are involved in pain sensitization?

A

Periaqueductal grey (PAG) in the midbrain
thalamus
the sensory cortex and limbic system in the cerebrum

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7
Q

What is the PAG?

A

target in the midbrain for spinomesencephalic neurons. it is very important in the regulation of nociception.

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8
Q

what is the key structure in relaying descending pain modulations to the rostral ventromedial medulla nuclei (RVM)?

A

PAG

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9
Q

what sensory input is sent to the thalamus?

A

all but olfactory sensory systems

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10
Q

What is the Gate Control Theory?

A

Activation of Aβ fibers (large diameter afferents) inhibit the processing of signals from the Aδ and C-fibers

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11
Q

what is an example of the Gate Control theory?

A

Rubbing or massaging injured parted to achieve pain relief

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12
Q

What are the Neurotransmitters from primary afferents?

A

Glutamate
Aspartate
AMPA
NMDA

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13
Q

Glutamate and Aspartate are (blank) amino acids that act on ligand-activated ion channels.

A

Excitatory

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14
Q

AMPA is responsible for (blank) nociceptive transmission

A

fast

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15
Q

NMDA is responsible for (blank) depolarization

A

sustained

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16
Q

What are the excitatory neurotransmitters related to the 2nd messenger system?

A

CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide)

Substance P

17
Q

What does CGRP do?

A

its effect is related to peripheral vasodilation, and augments nociception

18
Q

What does Substance P do?

A

is co-released with glutamate, and modifies gain.

it is also released from peripheral axons and produces local tissue effects

19
Q

What are the neurotransmitters from spinal interneurons?

A

GABA
Glycine
Opioids
acetylcholine

20
Q

are the neurotransmitters released from the interneurons excitatory or inhibitory?

A

inhibitory

21
Q

what are the 2 types of GABA receptors?

A

GABAA- fast-> produces hyperpolarization

GABAB- slow

22
Q

What are the neurotransmitters from supraspinal sites?

A

Serotinin -5HT3 specifically

norepinephrine - a1 and a2 receptors

Block 4 Week 1 Dani (10 decks)

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