Pain and Inflammation Medications Flashcards
Which receptors do opioids bind to?
MU receptors
Kappa Receptors
Delta Receptors
Examples of Opioid Strong Agonists
- Morphine Sulfate
Fentanyl
Merperidine (Demerol)
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Methadone
Opioid Moderate to Strong Agonist Examples
- Codeine
Oxycodone
Tramadol (Ultram)
Opioid Agonist-Antagonist Examples
- Butorphanol
Nalbuphine (Nubain)
What do MU Receptors cause?
Analgesia
Respiratory Depression
Euphoria
Miosis
Reduced GI motility
What do Kappa Receptors cause?
Analgesia
Sedation
Respiratory Depression
Dysphoria
Miosis
What do Delta receptors cause?
Analgesia
Which neuropeptides are part of the endogenous analgesia system?
Endorphins
Enkephalins
Dynorphins
Endorphins
Inhibit Pain Signal Transmission
Induce Euphoria
Enkephalins
Inhibit substance P release
Modulate Pain Perception
Dynorphins
Produce analgesia
Morphine Sulfate
They bind to opioid receptors in brain, spinal cord, and peripheral tissues and activate endogenous analgesia system.
Moderate to servere pain
Adverse Effects of Morphine Sulfate
Respiratory depression
CNS depression
Nausea and Vomiting
Orthostatic hypotension
Sedation
Urinary Retention
Pupil Constriction
Itching
Black Box Warning for Morphine Sulfate
Regarding combined use of morphine and other opioid analgesics with benzodiazepines and other CNS depressants. All opioid analgesics – respiratory depression, coma, death, drug abuse and dependence.
CNS Depressants
Alcohol, antidepressants, antipsychotic, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and sedatives