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Pathophysiology > pain > Flashcards

pain Flashcards

1
Q

pain, light touch, pressure, temperature, proprioception

A

General senses

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2
Q

mechanoreceptor

chemoreceptor

thermoreceptor

photoreceptor

nociceptor

A

mechanical/touch.pressure

chemical on blood/food/air

activated by heat or cold

activate by light

activate by painful stimuli

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3
Q 
stimulus
sense organ
receptor cell
action potential
cns
A

Sensory pathway

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4
Q

pain, temperature, touch

A

unencapsulated free nerve

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5
Q

deep pressure, light touch

A

encapsulated

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6
Q

unpleasant sensation associated with potential tissue damage by specific nerve orf brain

A

pain

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7
Q 
receptor
afferent pathway
integration center
efferent pathway
effector
A

pain pathology

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8
Q

carry sensory impulse from body to brain

Peripheral NS-spinal gate dorsal horn- CNS

A

Afferent pathway (sensory nerves)

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9
Q

in brainstem, midbrain, diencephalon, cerebral cortex

A

interpretive centers

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10
Q

carry impulse from brain to muscle receptor, descend from CNS to dorsal horn of spinal cord

A

efferent pathway (motor nerves)

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11
Q 
protective mechanism
most common medical attention
subjective
-delay healing
-result in tolerance
-stimulate stress response
A

Pain

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12
Q

Point which stimulus is perceived as pain

A

pain threshold

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13
Q

maximum intensity that a person will endure before wanting action

A

pain tolerance

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14
Q

pain from: stimuli to joint skin muscle

- easy to pinpoint

A

somatic pain

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15
Q

pain from: stimuli to organs, expansion pressure hypoxia

vague and diffuse

sensed at other locations on body (reffered)

A

visceral pain

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16
Q

abnormal pressure of sensory input by nervous system bc of damage to brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves

tends to be chronic and intractable

A

neuropathic pain

17
Q

result of trauma/disease to peripheral nerve

A

peripheral pain

18
Q

cause by lesion or dysfunction in the spinal cord or brain

A

central pain

19
Q

nociceptic or neurogenic pain

persistent or intermittent

last 3-6months

related to tissue,inflammation or injury

result in: depression, difficulty sleeping, eating

A

chronic pain

20
Q

chronic progressing pain that is unrelenting and dibilitating

drugs dont help

common in severe injury ie crushing nerves

A

intractable pain

21
Q

distracting stimulus may negate pain

A

gate control theory

22
Q

active generation of subjective experiences through a network of neurons

A

neuromatrix theory

23
Q

inhibit transmission of pain and impulses in spinal and brain by binding to receptors

A

endorphins

24
Q

sensory receptor stop generating impulse after extended use

A

adaptation

25
Q

maintains core body temp

97-100

mediate by hypothalamus, thermoreceptor, skin, spinal cord, abs

A

thermoregulation

26
Q

heat production by chemical reaction of metabolism in liver, muscle tone and contraction

amount affected by: food consumption, physical activity, hormone levels

heat distribute by circulatory system

A

mechanism of heat production and loss

27
Q

vasoconstriction: blood shunt from periphery to core

chemical thermogenesis: release thyroxine and epinephrine to increase metabolism

shiver

A

Heat conservation- INVOLUNTARY

28
Q

more clothing, movement

A

heat conservation- VOLUNTARY

29
Q

temporary resetting of hypothalamic thermostat to higher level

  • response to endo or exogenic pyroxen
  • decrease serumL iron,zinc, copper
  • lysosomal breakdown and autodestruction

enhance phagocytosis

A

fever

30
Q

not mediated by pyrogen, set point no reset

causes: environment, genetic abnormality, injury to hypo, meds

nerve damage, coagulate protein and death

convulsions

A

hyperthermia

31
Q

heat cramps, heat exhaustions, heat stroke, malignant hyperthermia

A

accidental hyperthermia

32
Q

body temp falls below 93.2

depression of cns and respiratory

vasoconstriction, increase blood viscosity and ischemic tissue damage,

cell rupture and die

A

hypothermia

33
Q

Risk:

infants due to heat conservation
-ineffective shiver, little Sub Q fat, large surface area to body mass

A

Risk populatijon

34
Q 
slow circulation
skin functiojn
decrease heat producing activity
slow metabolism
diminish sweating
A

risk population

Pathophysiology (9 decks)

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