elim GI Flashcards
location intensity duration radiating alleviating aggravating
characteristics of pain
0-5 Intensity and Duration
Pain
sharp stabbing burning itching aching bloating cramping
quality
Roux en Y gastric bypass
makes stomach small to hold less food and transport to small intestines, less calories & nutrients absorbed.
Bariatric Bypass Surgery
Defecation thats difficult or less than normal
affected by diet, fluid intake, neurologic, hypothyroid med
constipation
increase volume, fluid, frequency of feces
risk of dehydration, fluid/ electrolyte imbalance
leading cause of death in children, infectious/congenitial
allergy, lactose intolerance
diarrhea
increase pulese, BP, dehydration, fever pain, rebound tenderness
risk factor: ab surgery, ectopic preg, perforation: trauam, ulcer, apendicitis
Peritonitis “Hot belly”
mech block, failure to move feces through intestines
subsequent vomitting, pattern reflects parastalic wave
cancer,hernia, edema
intestinal obstruction
agenesis, atresia, fistula, stenosis
anorectal malformation
duodenum, illeum, jejunum, ileal or jejunal atresia
obstruction second to congenital formation
most common congenital problem, pouch in lower intestines
painless bleeding lead to volvulus obstruction
meckel’s diverticulum
twisted bowel leads to obstruction
occurs during fetal dev
intestinal malrotation
engorgement, edema, vascular compression, can cause gangrene
90% of infant obstruction mostly occur before 2
intussusception
congenital obstruction inhibits normal motility
constipiation can work around block
Hirschsprung disease
decrease blood flow to bowel leads to inflammation and bacterial infetion
bowel ischemia with necrosis and perforation
preterm infant
necrotizing enterocolitis
ulcerative colitis
crohns disease
diverticular disease
inflammatory bowel disease
inflammation of sigmoid/rectum
autoimmune in young females, white/jews
mucosal destruction w/ edema, abscess, bleeding, cramp, diarrhea, necrosis
risk in colon cancer
ulcerative colitis abrupt onset
autoimmune inflammation effects small/large intestines
diarrhea, weight lose, abscess, fistula
crohns disease
sharp burning pain LLQ, w abnormal bowel, hypersensitive bowel
no bleed, fever or weightloss,
maybe bacteria or food,
irritable bowel syndrome- unknown cause
hypertrophy and pressure cause herniation
cause: low residue diet
diverticular disease (general)
fistulas lead to abscess, perforation and peritonitis
tender, pain, fever, diarrhea, constipation, distention
diverticulitis
Most common surgical emergency/ young adult
infection cause inflammation, ischemia then necrosis due to edema and inflam
gangrene then perforation occur
Appendicitis
Intenstinal Obstruction, inguinal, umbilical
Hernia
neuromuscular mech to transit parastalsis
SP surgery, neurologic problem, peritonitis, meds
intestinal obstruction
paralytic ileus
familial congenital, precursor to colom cancer
polyps
varicose vein in rectum,
risk: childbirth pressure, liver disease, can bleed
hemorrhoids
develop from polyps
colon cancer
HPV immunosuppress
Symptom: pain/itch, bleeding, change in bowel, lump, discharge
anal cancer
