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Pathophysiology > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Fear of obesity

weight

A

anorexia

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2
Q

binging followed by self-vomitting

normal weight,

pitted teeth, pharyng& esophagus inflammed, tracheoesophageal fistulae, rectal bleeding

A

bulimia nervosa

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3
Q

anorexia weight loss, weakness, taste disturbance, early satiety

hypermetabolism and systemic inflammation contribute to weight loss, (cancer patient)

decrease protein synthesis

A

cachexia

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4
Q

abnormal taste, salty or metallic

A

Dysgeusia

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5
Q

change in saliva alter nutrition

chronic, disease white blood cells attack moisture producing gland

effect mostly women

A

sjorgren syndrome

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6
Q

lack of saliva, due to poor saliva producing glands

sjogrens, med side effect, radiation

worsen by smoke and alc

A

xerostomia

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7
Q

congenital malformation fissure of lip or palate

multifactorial genetic

4&12 week of pregnancy

teeth alignment problem

unable to suck

A

cleft lip and palate

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8
Q

white plaque on oral mucosa

cause: antibiotic, steroid, diabetes, dentures
fungal infection

A

candiasis

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9
Q

painful ulcer on palate and gums

recurring painful crateriform, stress related

A

herpes simplex

aphthous stomatis (canker sores)

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10
Q

chronic gum infection by plaque result in loss of bone support

adults over 40

A

peridontal disease

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11
Q

difficulty swallowing, obstruction, esophageal peristalsis, ALS, Parkinson’s

A

Dysphagia

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12
Q

Liver complication elevated portal pressure backflow of blood into GI\

prophylaxis for cirrhosis, screen 2-3 years

bleeding, nausea, vomitting

A

esophageal varices

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13
Q

unease of stomach

A

nausea

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14
Q

forceful expulsion of stomach content

controlled by medulla, defense mech

A

vomitting

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15
Q

hiatal hernia,

stomach protrudes diaphragm to chest

reflux after eating, chest pain

A

dyspepsia/heartburn

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16
Q

incompetent esophageal sphincter

food/acid reflux to esophagus

premature infant,

A

gastroesophageal reflux

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17
Q

stenosis of opening between stomach and duodenum

ulcer with edema, spasm, inflammation or cancer

vomit, anorexia

A

pyloric obstruction

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18
Q

stomach inflammation,

prostaglandin stimulate mucous, NSAIDS

acute or chronic, pernicious anemia

A

gastritis

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19
Q

altered lining of stomach, esophagus, duodenum, acid causes ulcer

smoking, alc, stress, age

A

peptic ulcer disease

20
Q

bile reflux cause HCL acid to attack stomach lining

destruction of vessel cause bleeding

pain after eating

A

gastric ulcer

21
Q

bacteria causing gastritis and gastric ulcer

A

H. Pylori

22
Q

young people, NSAIDS, O+

hypersecretion of acid and undersecrete bicarb by duodenum, relieved by ingestion and antacid

hemorrage, obstruction, perforation

A

duodenal ulcer

23
Q

esophagus-duodenum bleeding

A

GI bleeding

24
Q

disacharide malabsorption, lactose undigested and remain in gut fermenting

A

lactose deficiency

25
Q

gluten ingestion, celiacs,

A

gluten sensitive enteropathy

26
Q

cystic fibrosis, pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis

Low ph, fat stool (steatorrhea)

A

pancreatic deficiency

27
Q

needed for digestion of fat,

liver disease, bile duct obstruction

fat soluble vitamin deficit, blindness, bleeding

A

Bile salt deficiency

28
Q

group of enzyme involved in drug metabolism and bioactivation 75% of metabolic reaction

A

cytochrome p450

29
Q

liver damage

Laenec cirrhosis alcohol

cardiac chirrhosis

A

cirrhosis

30
Q

toxic liver, drug reaction or hepatotoxin

vomit, lethargy, nausea

A

hepatitis

31
Q

Hep A- contaminated food, fecal/oral route, incubation 2-6 weeks

Hep E- epidemic area, fecal/oral

A

Hepatitis A and E

32
Q

Hep transmited through parent

A

Viral hepatitis (HBV)

33
Q

hypertension in vessel that drain into liver due to obstruction in kidney

cause: varices, ascites, splenomegaly, hepaticencphalopathy

effect nutrition by causing disease in esophagus stomach and lower GI

A

portal hypertension

34
Q

caused by hyperbilirubenemia, execessive hemolysis of blood cell, occlusion of bile duct, or liver damage

A

jaundice

35
Q

accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity called third spacing, low albumin causes increase hydrostatic pressure

A

ascities

36
Q

elevated with liver damage, (hepatitis or toxin)

A

(ALT or SGPT)

37
Q

elevated with alcohol induced liver disease, statins, tylenol, acne drugs

A

AST or GGT

38
Q

decreased in hepatitis, liver tumor, cirrhosis, ascities

A

albumin

39
Q

inability to produce clotting factors

A

clotting

40
Q

elevated in failure

A

ammonia

41
Q

nausea, vomit, change in fat digestion

A

gall bladder

42
Q

inflammation of gale bladder due to obstruction or stones

chill and feaver with murphys sign

A

cholecystitis

43
Q

gallstones occur in women, obese, age

obstruction of duct leads to pain and complication

A

cholelithiasis

44
Q

gallstones in common bile duct

A

choledocholithiasis

45
Q

insulin production and release

A

pancreas

46
Q

inflammation of pancreas, activated enzymes before entering duodenum produce autodigestion, altered nutrition pain

panceatic infection

cause: billiary stone and alcohol

symptom; abdominal pain and decreased peristalsis, cullens sign

A

acute pancreatitis

47
Q

BMI>30,genetics,metabolic abnormality

high levels of leptin, ghrelin, insulin,
decrease level of adiponectin

A

obesity

Pathophysiology (9 decks)

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