Pain Flashcards
Element/ structure related to pain
Substancia gelatinosa
Theory in pain
Gate controlled theory
Drug of choice in pain
Analgesics ( usually morpine)
Nuring considerations in MORPINE
Monitor RR
Adverse effect : respiratory distress
Antidote: narcan or naloxone
Detoxification :methadone
When to administer analgesics (pain)?
Onset of pain
Other methods for pain relief.
Patient controlled analgesia - the patient has to simply push the button if she oercieves pain.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation -application of electrode
Relaxation technique- imagery and massage (acupressure)
3 types of massage
Efflaurage - long and circular stroke. Commonly used in patient who is in labor. ( to promote comfort)
Petrissage -kneeding
Tapotement - percussion
Pain assessment
P recipitating cause Q uality R adiation S everity T ime
Remeber : PQRST
(Pain-quality): crushing?
Myocardial infarction
(Pain-quality): pounding?
Hypertensive crisis ( maoi + tyramine )
(Pain-quality): knife -like?
Ectopic pregnancy
(Pain-quality): gnawing?
Gastric ulcer
(Pain-radiation): chest to arm?
Angina pectoris
(Pain-radiation): chest to back?
M.I
(Pain-radiation): Epigastrium to right scapula?
Cholecystitis
(Pain-radiation): epigastrium to left scapula
Renal colic
(Pain-radiation): LUQ to left shoulder
Pancreatitis
(Pain-radiation): back pain to abdomen
Lebor; true labor
Nursing consideration for the Severity of the pain. Pain scale method
0-3 further assess the patient
4-7 teach relaxation technique (imagery)
7-10 medicate the pt ( PRN analgesics- meperidine)
(Pain) Severity assessment for children?
Wong-baker scale
Facial grimace
Pain-time of 15 minutes and relieve by rest.
Angina pectoris
Pain-time of >15 minutes and does not relieve by rest.
M.I
