Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pre reg > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

How long must pain be present for to be class as chronic pain?

A

12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Non-drug treatment of pain

A

Exercise, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, pain management programes (CBT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Examples of non opioid analgesics

A

Paracetamol, NSAIDS, topical applications (capsaicin / lidocaine), Rubefacients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Above what dose of opioids should pain specialist advice be sought?

A

> 90mg/day morphine or equivalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which analgesic class is best suited for musculoskeltal pain?

A

Non-opioids e.g. paracetamol, NSAIDS and aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which analgesic class is best suited for visceral pain?

A

opioid analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

For dental pain e.g. plpitis jow long should analgesia be used for?

A

Max of 7 days - provides a temporary measure until the source is treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What medication can be used to treat pain of the oral mucosa e.g. acute herpetic gingivotomastis?

A

Benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwahs/ spray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which analgesic has antipyretic and pain relief effects but not anti-inflammation?

A

Paracetamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Are opioids effective in dental pain?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What types of pain is aspirin indicated for?

A

headache, transient musculoskeletal pain, dysmenorrhea, pyrexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When should aspirin be taken?

A

After food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What class of analgesia is useful to help with secondary bone tumours?

A

NSAIDS

bone tumours produce lysis of bones and release prostagladins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

An example of an non-opioid intrathecal analgesic used for chronic severe pain

A

Ziconotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Opiod side effects

A

Constipations, drowsiness, nausea, vommiting, respiratory depression, dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which analgesic has both opioid agonist and antagonist properties

A

Buprenorphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How long can buprenorphine sublingual last?

A

6 to 8 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Can naloxone fully reverse the effects of Buprenorphine?

A

No - only partially reverse the effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diamorphine causes less nausea and hypotension thta what other analgesic?

A

Morphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how often must a fentanyl patch be changed?

A

every 72 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a benefit of Methadone over morphine

A

less seadating (and long half life)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the maximum frequency methadone can be given?

A

BD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the medication used as analgesia in labour?

A

Pethidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how does Tapentadol produce analgesia?

A
  1. opioid effect

2. NA reuptaking inhibtion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How does Tramadol produce an analgesic effect?
opiod effect and enhancement of serotonergic and adrenergic pathways
26
What is Meptazinol?
A weak opioid - onest of 15 mins and duration of 2-7 hours
27
Side effects of opioids given via Epidural
pruritus, urinary retention, nausea & vomiting
28
If a patient has heptotoxicity risk factors what is the dose of IV paracetamol?
up to 50kg: 15mg/kg | >60kg 1g 4 to 6 hourly (max 3g) `
29
Paracetamol dosing for a 3 - 5 month year old
60mg 4 to 6 hourly (2.5mL of 120mg/5mL)
30
Paracetamol dosing for a 6-23 month year old
120mg 4 to 6 hourly 4 to 6 hourly (5mL of 120mg/5mL)
31
Paracetamol dosing for a 2 - 3 year old
180mg 4 to 6 hourly (7.5mL of 120mg/5mL)
32
Paracetamol dosing for a 4-5 year old
240mg 4 to 6 hourly (10mL of 120mg/5mL)
33
Paracetamol dosing for a 6-7 year old
240-250mg 4 to 6 hourly
34
Paracetamol dosing for a 8-9 year old
360-375mg 4 to 6 hourly (15mL of 120mg/5mL)
35
Paracetamol dosing for a 10 to 11 year old
480-500mg 4 to 6 hourly
36
Paracetamol dosing for a 12 - 15 year old
480-750mg 4 to 6 hourly
37
Paracetamol dosing for a 1 - 2 month year old
30-60mg 8 hourly
38
Paracetamol dosing for a 3-5 month year old
60mg every 4-6 hours
39
What age is paracetamol 500mg/5mL suspesion not licesend for use in?
<16 year olds
40
What is the risk od combining opioids and Benzodiazepines?
Risk of respiratory depression (MHRA alert)
41
How can respiratory depression be treated?
Naloxone
42
What are some symptoms of opioid overdose?
Coma, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils
43
If a patient is to switch from methadone to Buprenoprhine, what must the dose of Methadone be at a maximum of?
30mg
44
If a patient is on >10mg methadone and is to start on sublingual buprenorphine what dose should they start at?
4mg (if methadone <10mg, start at 2mg)
45
How many buprenorphine patches can be applied at one time?
maximum of 2
46
How long may it take for plasma-buprenorphine concentration to decrease by 50% after a BUPEAZE, RELEVTEC or BUPLAST is removed?
30 hours
47
How long may it take for plasma-buprenorphine concentration to decrease by 50% after a BUTEC, PANITAZ, RELETRANS, SEVODYNE or BUPRAMYL is removed?
12 hours
48
Which Buprenorphine patches should be worn for 96 hours
Relevtec, Transtec, Buplast, Bupeaze
49
Which Buprenorphine patch can be worn for 7 days
Bupramyl, Panitaz, Reletrans , Sevodyne, Butrans
50
Buprenorphine patches that should be applied 72 hourly
Hapoctasin and Prenotrix
51
If cocodamol is prescribed but no strength is stated, what should be dispensed?
8/500mg strength
52
How old must a child be to have codeine?
>12
53
What is the maximum daily dose of codeine in children aged 12-18?
240mg (dose inervals of 6 hourly) and limited to 3 days of treatment
54
If a patient age <18 has their tonsils removed or adenoids, can codeine be prescribed for pain>
No - risk of obstructive sleep aponea
55
Can codeine be used in breastfeeding?
No
56
If an obese patient requires fentanyl, what weight should be calculated?
IBW
57
Can fentanyl patches be cut?
NO
58
if a patient with a fentanyl patch has a fever, why is it important to monitor them?
increased temperature can increase the absorption and therefore make patient more suceptible to side effects
59
How oftne should a fentanyl patch be changed?
72 hours
60
How should buccal fentanyl be administered?
Hold against inside of cheek for at least 5 seconds until it sticks and leave to dissolve (15-30mins). Avoid oral liquids for 5 mins and avoid food until dissolved
61
Are fentanyl lozenges (lollipops) suitable for diabetics
No - contain 2g sugasr
62
What age are oramorph and MXL capsules not licensed for?
<1 yeasr
63
What age is Sevredol licensed for use in?
>3 years
64
Oramorph unit dose vials are not licensed for children under what age?
6 years
65
12 hourly morphine preparations
Filnarine SR, MST continus, Morphgesic SR, Zomorph
66
24 hour morphine preparation
MXL
67
What is the conversion of oral oxycodone to parenteral oxycodone?
PO 2mg = 1mg Parenteral
68
12 hourly oxycdone preparatio exmaples
Longtec, Oxycontin, Oxypro, Oxylan, Reltebon, Abtard, Carexil, Ixyldone, Leveraxo
69
What is the MHRA alert regarding Tapentadol
Risk of seizures and reports of serotonin syndrome hen co-prescribed other medications
70
Can tramadol be used in epilepsy
No - lowers seizure threshold
71
What drug classes can be used to treat neurpathic pain?
TCAs (amitriptyline) and antiepileptic drugs (pregabalin, Gabapentin)
72
What cream can be used in post herpetic neuralgia?
Capsaicin
73
What drug class can help to relieve pressure in compression neuropathy and thereby reduce pain?
Corticosteroids
74
What antiepileptic can be used for trigeminal neuralgia
Carbamazepine
75
What type of antidepressant drug can be used to manage facial pains
TCAs
76
What is an example of a weak opioid of choice in renal impairment?
Meptazinol
77
Signs of opioid withdrawl
nausea, vomiting, sweating,restlessness, agitation. dilated pupils, bone and muscle pain, Gooseflesh, abdominal cramps
78
How can withdrawl be treated?
Switch to long acting opioid (bupren/methadone) and slowly reduce dose over time
79
Dose of Carbamazepine in TGN
100mg BD
80
What analgesia should be offerent for lower back pain?
NSAID (paracetamol alone will not suffice) only add in opioid if not controlled
81
What NSAID has a lower risk of DV / thrombotic effects?
Naproxen 1g a day
82
What type of NSAIDS have a lower risk of GI side effects
COX 2 inhibitors
83
NSAIDs with the highest risk of GI side effects
piroxicam, ketoprofen, ketorolac, trametamol
84
NSAIDS with an intermediate risk of GI side effects
Naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac
85
NSAID with lowest risk of GI side effect
Ibuprofen
86
what can be given to alleviate cluster headache
Sumatriptan SC (or nasal spray)
87
What medications can be used as propylaxis agaisnt cluster headaches?
Verapamil, Lithium, Prednisolole (short term)
88
Pizotifen is a sedating antihistamine that can be used to manage what neurological condition?
headache / migraine
89
Migraine symptoms
Unilateral headache, pulsating, accompained with N&V photophobia
90
How many days shoulg migraine treatment be restricted to in order to prevent medication overuse headache
2 days
91
First line monotherapy for migraine attack
Aspirin or Ibuprofen or 5HT1 agonist
92
First line medication for preventative treatment in patients with episodic or chronic migraine
Propanolol (can also use topiramate, Bisoprolol, Amitriptyline, Candesartan
93
When can botoc be used as migraine prophylaxis
When medication overuse has been addressed and 3 or more oral propylactic treatments have failed
94
Drug composition of Migraleve tablets
Paracetamol with buclizine and codeine | pink = paracetamol + codeine Yellow = buclizine

Pre reg (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions