PAEDS INFECTIONS

Question 1

What causes scarlet fever?

Answer 1

GROUP A strep

Question 2

Strawberry tongue indicates what childhood illness?

Answer 2

Scarlet fever

RASH starts on trunk then spreads (circumural pallor, sandpaper like)

Question 3

How is scarlet fever managed?

Answer 3

Pen V

Question 4

When can children return to school after scarlet fever?

Answer 4

24 hours, REMEMBER notifiable disease

Question 5

What causes epiglottis?

Answer 5

HIB

Question 6

What is seen on xray in epiglottis

Answer 6

Thumb sign (lateral view - swollen epiglottis)

Question 7

What causes croup?

Answer 7

Parainfluenza virus

Question 8

What sign is seen on CXR in croup?

Answer 8

Steeple sign (subglottic narrowing)

Question 9

Treatment of croup?

Answer 9

Dexa, oxygen, nebulised adrenaline

Question 10

Treatment of whooping cough?

Answer 10

Azithromycin (if <21 days since symptoms onset)
NOTIFIABLE DISEASE

Question 11

When can return to School after whopping cough?

Answer 11

48* after starting ABx

Question 12

What causes measles?

Answer 12

RNA paramyxovirus (v.v. infectious)

Question 13

Prodrome of irratibility, conjunctivitis, fever and Koplik spots suggests?

Answer 13

Measles

Question 14

Describe the rash in measles?

Answer 14

Rash starts behind the eats then spreads, (maculopapular rash the becomes blotchy and confluent)

Question 15

Complications of measles?

Answer 15

Otitis media (most common)

pneumonia (most common cause of death)

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (5-10yrs)

Question 16

Treatment of meningitis in <3 months?

Answer 16

IV amox and cefotaxime

Question 17

Treatment of meningitis in >3 months

Answer 17

IV cefotaxime / ceftriaxone

Question 18

What causes Roseola infant (sixth disease)

Answer 18

HHV 6

Question 19

What spots are seen in roseola infantum?

Answer 19

Nagayama spots (uvula and soft palate)

KIDS CAN ATTEND SCHOOL.

HIGH FEVER, MACULOPAPULAR RASH, DIARRHOEA, FEBRILE CONVULSIONS

Question 20

What causes erythema infectiosum? (5th disease)

Answer 20

Parvovirus B19 (SLAPPED CHEEK)

Question 21

What do pregnant people need to do if contact with erythema infectiosum?

Answer 21

If <20 weeks need IgM and IgG testing as can cause hydros fetalis

Question 22

What causes mumps?

Answer 22

RNA paramyxovirus

Question 23

Symptoms of mumps?

Answer 23

Fever, malaise, muscular pain, parotitis.

Question 24

Complications of mumps?

Answer 24

Orchitis, hearing loss, pancreatitis

Question 25

What virus causes rubella?

Answer 25

Toga virus

Question 26

How does rubella present?

Answer 26

Low grade fever. maculopapular rash (face first), suboccipital and post auricular lymph nodes.

Question 27

Complications of rubella in pregnancy?

Answer 27

Congenitial rubella syndromes Deafness, cataracts, growth retardation, 'salt + pepper'

Question 28

When should non immune mothers be offer MMR vaccine?

Answer 28

After they deliver NOTE IgM rises if recent exposure to rubella.

Question 29

What causes chicken pox

Answer 29

Varicella Zoster

Question 30

Pregnancy and Chicken Pox exposure, main risk to mother?

Answer 30

Pneumonitis

Question 31

Management of potential chickenpox exposure in pregnancy?

Answer 31

1) if any doubt mother has not been previously exposed - URGENT check of varicella antibodies 2) Antivirals should be given regardless of stage of pregnancy (ACICLOVIR OR VALACICLOVIR)

Question 32

When do you give anti-viral for chickenpox exposure in pregnancy

Answer 32

7-14 days after exposure Severity of infection found to be higher if given immediate acyclovir.

Question 33

What causes hand foot and mouth?

Answer 33

Coxsackie A16

Question 34

What school exclusion is required HFM disease/

Answer 34

None

Question 35

Surfactant lung deficiency disease (Resp distress syndrome) CXR findings?

Answer 35

Ground glass changes

Question 36

CXR findings in TTN

Answer 36

Hyperinflationn Fluid in horizontal fissues

Question 37

Assymetic patchy opacities on CXR

Answer 37

Meconium aspiration

Question 38

Cause of pneumothorax in newborn

Answer 38

PTX