paediatric cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

how common is congenital heart disease

A
  • 30% of all congenital anomalies
  • 8/1000 live births
  • 8 common lesions account for 80% cases of congenital heart disease
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2
Q

what are the 8 commonest heart lesions

A
  • VSD
  • PDA
  • ASD
  • pulmonary stenosis
  • aortic stenosis
  • coarctation of the aorta
  • transposition of the great arteries
  • TOF
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3
Q

aetiology of congenital heart conditions

A

genetic susceptibility

environmental hazard

teratogenic insults - 18-60 days post conception

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4
Q

environmental factor linked to congenital heart conditions

A
  • drugs: alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy, phenytoin, lithium
  • infections: TORCH and others
  • maternal: DM, SLE
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5
Q

what does TORCH stand for

A

toxoplasma

rubella

CMV

herpes

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6
Q

chromosomal abnormalities and congenital heart conditions

A

6-10% of all CHD have underlying chromosomal problem

30% of chromosomal abnormalities have CHD

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7
Q

congenital heart conditions in trisomies

A

trisomy 13 - 90%

trisomy 18 - 80%

trisomy 21 - 40% - specifically AVSD but ASD and VSD more common

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8
Q

other syndromes linked to congenital heart conditions

A

turner - coarctation of the aorta

Noonan - pulmonary stenosis

Williams - supravalvular aortic stenosis

22q11 deletion syndrome

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