paediatric cardiology Flashcards
how common is congenital heart disease
- 30% of all congenital anomalies
- 8/1000 live births
- 8 common lesions account for 80% cases of congenital heart disease
what are the 8 commonest heart lesions
- VSD
- PDA
- ASD
- pulmonary stenosis
- aortic stenosis
- coarctation of the aorta
- transposition of the great arteries
- TOF
aetiology of congenital heart conditions
genetic susceptibility
environmental hazard
teratogenic insults - 18-60 days post conception
environmental factor linked to congenital heart conditions
- drugs: alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy, phenytoin, lithium
- infections: TORCH and others
- maternal: DM, SLE
what does TORCH stand for
toxoplasma
rubella
CMV
herpes
chromosomal abnormalities and congenital heart conditions
6-10% of all CHD have underlying chromosomal problem
30% of chromosomal abnormalities have CHD
congenital heart conditions in trisomies
trisomy 13 - 90%
trisomy 18 - 80%
trisomy 21 - 40% - specifically AVSD but ASD and VSD more common
other syndromes linked to congenital heart conditions
turner - coarctation of the aorta
Noonan - pulmonary stenosis
Williams - supravalvular aortic stenosis
22q11 deletion syndrome