growth monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 key parameters we monitor

A

weight (g/kg)

length (cm) or height (if >2y)

head circumference (up till 2y, OFC, cm)

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2
Q

other measurements that aren’t routine but may be done

A
weight for age 
length/height for age 
BMI
weight for length 
rate of weight gain (infants only)
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3
Q

how are growth charts developed

A

population derived references

followed children through early years in different countries to see differences in growth and normal range

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4
Q

weight, length and OFC at birth

A

3.3kg

50cm

35cm

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5
Q

weight and length at 4mths

A

6.6kg

60cm

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6
Q

weight, length and OFC at 12 mths

A

10kg

75cm

35cm

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7
Q

weight and length at 3y

A

15kg

95cm

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8
Q

centiles and normal development

A

no single measurement is abnormal

pattern, progress and hx are crucial

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9
Q

what is failure to thrive

A

child growing too slowly in form and usually in function at the expected rate for their age

significantly low rate of weight gain - crossing centile spaces

not a diagnosis but a description of a pattern

supply of energy/nutrients < demand

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10
Q

maternal causes of failure to thrive in early life - deficient intake

A

poor lactation
incorrectly prepared feeds
unusual milk/other feeds
inadequate care

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11
Q

infant causes of FTT in early life - deficient intake

A

prematurity
small for dates
oro palatal abnormalities (e.g. cleft palate)
neuromuscular disease (e.g. cerebral palsy)
genetic disorders

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12
Q

causes of FTT in early life - increased metabolic demands

A
congenital lung disease
heart/liver/renal disease
infection 
anaemia 
inborn errors of metabolism 
CF
thyroid disease
crohn's/IBD
malignancy
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13
Q

causes of FTT in early life - XS nutrient loss

A

gastro-oesophageal reflux
pyloric stenosis
gastroenteritis - post infectious phase
malabsorption - food allergy, persistent diarrhoea, coeliac, pancreatic insufficiency, short bowel syndrome

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14
Q

causes of FTT in early life - non-medical causes

A
  • poverty/socio-economic status
  • dysfunctional family interactions - esp maternal depression/drug use
  • difficult parent-child interactions
  • lack of parental support - no friends/extended family
  • lack of preparation for parenting/education
  • child neglect
  • emotional deprivation
  • poor feeding/feeding skills disorder
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15
Q

process for assessing FTT

A
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