PA Exam 3 Dec Flashcards
What is a folktale
A folktale is a popular story passed down through generations by word of mouth, forming a part of oral tradition. Each story has a moral or lesson to teach. We usually don’t know who first came up with the story, and there are often several versions of the same story, teaching the same moral.
What are the 5 important elements of a folktale
Characters
The characters can be people or animals. The characters face everyday problems that are relatable and help in the teaching of a moral.
Location
The story could be set in either a real place or a make believe place. The story could start with the ever-popular, “A long, long time ago…”
Style
The style refers to how the story will be delivered or performed. Folktales were traditionally told by people who were unable to write their thoughts down, and were told like an everyday conversation.
Plot
The story will unfold quickly and all questions are answered before the end of the story. The good characters always triumph and the “baddies” are punished.
Body
As with the improvisation that we worked on last term, a folktale will need a structure. The structure will include a beginning (introduction of characters), body (where the conflict takes place) and ending (resolution of conflict).
What are hemes in a folktale
Themes are lessons that are taught in the telling of a Folktale. Common themes include greed, honesty, and loyalty.
How are folktales passed down
Folktales are passed down through generations by word of mouth, known as an oral tradition.
Who ALWAYS wins in a traditional folk tale
In a traditional Folktale, the good characters are always rewarded and the villains are punished.
What kind of characters are used in traditional folktales
Traditional African Folktales often make use of animals as the main characters - they take on human characteristics to teach valuable lessons.
What is a narrators role
The narrator’s role is to tell the story clearly - the narrator is not a character from the story. Each actor uses vocal characterization to bring their character to life.
What is a narrator and what does he do
A narrator sets the scene, introduces the characters, explains the action, develops the tension and ends the story. An audience could interact with a narrator by answering questions and singing along to traditional songs. Audience interaction helps to build to the climax and keeps everyone interested throughout the story.
What is characterization
Characterisation is the process of fully developing a character, using your voice, body and emotions to bring the character to life.
WHat is pitch
this can be used to emphasise a sentence or word. A lower pitch of voice would be used when saying something serious, whereas a high pitched voice would suggest excitement.
What is pace
how fast or slowly you speak. Speeding up your speech could assist building to the climax. It could add to tension if spoken slowly.
What is volume
how loud or soft your voice is. (This also includes TONE which describes the emotions heard in your voice)
Remember
Body language, gestures, facial expression, and eye contact bring the text to life. Likewise, using limited movements can also be effective at times.
What do sound effects do
Sound effects are essential in the telling of any story - they add to the atmosphere and are able to create a multitude of responses from the audience. MUSIC and traditional songs can also be found in Folktales
What does a folktale HAVE to include
The story will include a SETTING, CHARACTERS, and a PROBLEM or CONFLICT.
Name some famous folktales
The Pied Piper Jack and the Beanstalk Goldilocks and the Three Bears The Frog King Cinderella The Little Mermaid
What is a chorus verse
Choral speaking requires a group of performers to orally interpret, memorise and perform either poetry or prose using the spoken, not singing voice.
What is Unison
The whole group reads the material together
What is Antiphonal speaking
The class is divided into two or more groups with each group being responsible for a certain part
What is Cumulative speaking
This is a method where groups of voices or individual voices are added to or subtracted depending on the intended meaning
What is Line around speaking?
More solo work where each line is taken by a different person in the group Making the performance interesting
What are Solo lines speaking
Individuals read specific lines in appropriate places throughout the group activity
What is Alternate speaking?
slow and fast lines, stanzas or paragraphs, loud and soft lines, low & high voices Emphasis: Key words and phrases by reciting them in a louder or softer voice
What is a pause
pause for a specified number of silent ‘beats’, before continuing the next line or phrase
What is speaking in unity
When groups of voices speak a line together, they must remain unified at all times (count or tap feet).
What is articulation
Pay particular attention to articulation, especially the letter ‘t’ and the ends of words Sound effects: Use body percussion, clap, click or make appropriate sound effects at the end of lines, stanzas or paragraphs.
What is bodily movement
Use gesture, choreography or other movements to enhance communication or better express meaning
What are the markings needed when analysing a chorus verse
Voice parts
If there are 4 voice parts - then you will use V1, V2, V3 and V4.
Unison: V1 - V4
These must be put before the line so the performers know who is speaking when
- Pause and Breath markings
At the end of lines (and in the middle if appropriate)
B - breath marking
P and a number to stipulate how many beats the performers should pause for:
P2 (pause for 2 beats) - Speed markings
Fast (F) and Slow (S)
This should be placed under the text - Volume
Loud <
Soft >
This should be placed on top of the line at the start.
Any changes to the volume should be made in text above the text - Emphasis
Anything word or phrase that you would like to be emphasised should be underlined.
This means that it will be stressed and should stand out more than the rest.
Go through the theory in your book
Term 1-4
