History Exam 1 Dec Flashcards
Who were the trekboers
The Dutch/European settlers. Who moved out of the control of the VOC
Spoke a language called “Die Taal” a mixture of languages spoken at the Cape which is an early form of Afrikaans.
NB-The Trekboers come BEFORE the “great trek” of the 1800’s.
Why did they “trek”
This was often due to either not having enough land (land was given by the VOC) or to escape the rules of the VOC (THIS IS AN NB POINT later).
WHERE DID THEY “TREK”
Moved out of the Cape Colony. Into the interior of Southern Africa
By the 1770’s they had reached the Eastern Cape (Graaf Reinet), Northern Cape (crossed the Orange River)
They had to move slowly-No roads ect
Name two things that the Trekboers came back to the Cape for
They often returned to the Cape for supplies such as
brandy
tobacco
and other essentials.
How did the Trekboers survive
The Trek boers lived a nomadic lifestyle, very often living in tents but also kept slaves that they bought in the Cape. They got cattle and livestock by organising raids against the Khoi (killed over 2500 and enslaved over 700) and clashed with the Xhosa in the East over grazing land.
When did Jan Van Riebeeck arrive at the Cape and set up a refreshment station.
Jan Van Riebeeck arrives at the Cape. Sets up a refreshment station.
When did the VOC organize a large scale emigration to the Cape
1688 - 1692
What happened between 1680 and 1700
Europeans start moving out of the Cape and into the interior of Southern Africa.
When did The VOC start to decline in strength?
The 1750s
When did The British Empire take control of the Cape?
1795
When is the cape given back to the dutch
1803
When did the British take full control over the cape
1806
What were the 4 things that happened in 1795
The British Vs The French
The French and the British were both growing empires and in, direct competition.
War
The French were at war with Holland and the threat of them taking over the Cape was real
The Cape is an ideal trading port.
The Indian trade route. The French controlling this would have impacted the British Trade routes.
More war
The British invaded the Cape and defeated the VOC at the Battle of Muizenberg.
By 1799 the VOC basically collapsed as a company.
In what battle did the British take the cape back
War breaks out again and the British take back the Cape from the Dutch after defeating them at the Battle of Blaauwberg.
How much did the British pay the dutch for the Cape? It was officially declared a British colony in 1815
6 million pounds
Name 3 things that the British did to “improve” their new colony
They lowered taxes,allowed farmers to sell produce to anybody, imported new farming implements and methods, built water taps, created sporting venues and newspapers.
What was it called when the British improved their new colony
This is seen as a major turning point in South African History.
What is a frontier
A frontier is a barrier between two different communities or countries.
Why did all the buildings that were built after 1815 look completely different
This is because they were built by the british
What were the effects of the expansion? of the frontier
- A language barrier develop (Eng, Dutch,Locals, etc)
- Trekboers move further inland-Khoi Khoi would have to be dispossessed of land. (lack of weapons/tech means its hard to fight back) They could either flee to the mountains or become servants of the settlers
- New towns set up in the interior of Southern Africa (Swellendam and Graaf Reinet are examples)
-The frontier expands East and the Dutch farmers are in conflict with the Xhosa over grazing land.
Summary
-With the rapid growth of the Cape the indigenous population would be forced to move/In direct conflict with the colony.
When do The Dutch/Trekboers begin to move East?
Conflict with the Xhosa
In 1779 The Dutch/Trekboers begin to move East.
Conflict with the Xhosa
