LO Exam 23 Nov Term 3 Work Flashcards
What does “WHO” stand for
World Health organization
What are the 2 biggest threats to children in south africa
Waterborne and airborne diseases
Where is malaria usually found
Malaria is usually found in small areas within the provinces of Kwazulu-Natal, Limpopo, and Mpumalanga. .
Name some water-borne diseases
Some of the water-borne diseases that pose a high risk to South Africans include
gastroenteritis cholera viral hepatitis typhoid fever bilharziasis, dysentery.
When can you spread waterborne diseases
Waterborne diseases are conditions caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted in water. They can be spread while
1 bathing or washing,
2. drinking water
3. by eating food exposed to contaminated water.
Where is the bucket toilet system used
The bucket toilet system is used in areas where there are no water services. The Municipality is required to remove the buckets of human waste. It’s only a health hazard to the community When this is not done.
What % of all deaths in SA is caused by Respiratory tract infections.
Respiratory tract infections are responsible for over 2% of all deaths in South Africa.
What are the 2 major types of lower respiratory infections
There are two major types of lower respiratory infections: bronchitis and pneumonia.
What are some easily recognizable symptoms of bronchitis and pneumonia?
Some of the easily recognizable symptoms of these infections include
1) a runny nose
2) sneezing
3) headache
4) sore throat.
What are the most common causes of respiratory diseases
Although there is a wide range of respiratory diseases, their causes, which are also large in number, have similarities.
Among the most common causes are:
Accidents: Explosions like at Chernoble
inhalation of toxic materials: fires; cars; factories.
harmful lifestyle habits like incessant smoking.
Inhalation of viruses in the air: Covid-19; Tuberculosis
What else can affect the development of the lungs
Genetic factors, infections as well as anything else that
are known to affect the development of the lungs are also believed to indirectly or directly cause the symptoms of respiratory disorders.
What are the best practices for preventing the spread of Covid 19
The current best practices for preventing the spread of COVID-19 are: :
wearing of face masks,
good hand hygiene
practicing social distance measures,
How is malaria transmitted
Malaria parasites are transmitted from person to person through Anopheles mosquitoes. When a mosquito bites, blood containing the parasites is taken into the mosquito’s gut. Over a period of 10 or more days, the parasites undergo a complex development, the mature parasite eventually coming to reside in the mosquito’s salivary glands, ready for transmission to a new person when it bites again.
How is Bilharzia transmitted
Lakes and canals initially become contaminated after humans with bilharzia urinate or defecate in them. Infected eggs pass from the infected human into the water, where they hatch, then use freshwater snails as a host for reproduction. The resulting larvae are then released into the water, after which they can be absorbed through the skin of humans that come to the water to bathe, swim, wash clothes or fish.
How is Typhoid Fever transmitted
Typhoid fever is contracted when people eat food or drink water that has been infected with Salmonella typhi. It is recognized by the sudden onset of sustained fever, severe headache, nausea and severe loss of appetite. It is sometimes accompanied by hoarse cough and constipation or diarrhoea.
Food not prepared hygienically or stored properly can lead to making people ill. It is recommended that raw and cooked food be kept separated
Name 2 Examples of such diseases
Samonella
Hepatitus A & E
E.coli
What is a gateway drug
Studies have shown that most young people try alcohol and tobacco. These substances are called GATEWAY drugs because they open the door to using other stronger drugs
What is a drug
It is a substance that changes the chemicals in our brains and body
What senses do drugs affect
They affect the way we
Think
Feel
Act
What does OTC stand for
Over the counter
What is a stimulant or “Upper”
Drugs that stimulate the central nervous system and generally speed up all functioning making the user feel pumped-up, energetic and euphoric are known as UPRS.
What is a depressant or “downer”
Drugs that dull the central nervous system, and generally slows down all functioning, making the user feel relaxed and drowsy are known as DOWNERS.
What is a hallucinogen
Drugs that cause the user to see, hear and feel things that are not really there.
Name 3 effects of using uppers
Increase heart rate
Increase energy
Accelerated speech, jumping from topic to topic
Decreased appetite
Decreased inhibitions, impaired judgement
Decreased functioning of the immune system
Unrealistic confidence
Name 3 effects of using a downer
Slows you down, often slurred speech Lack of co-ordination Decreased energy Decreased alertness Decreased appetite Decreased functioning of the immune system Increased sleeping
Name 3 effects of hallucinogens
Effects can be mild as in the case of Dagga where they may be a distortion of time.
In LSD it is more dramatic like visual and auditory hallucinations.
Generally, there is an altered sensory perception of reality.
Psychosis can also be triggered - which means that the person will lose touch with reality and have impaired judgment
Give 2 stimulants
Cocaine “Tik” Crack Speed Ice Appetite suppressants Ecstasy is a stimulant with hallucinogenic properties
Give 2 depressants
Alcohol
Heroin
Mandrax
Inhalants
Give 2 hallucinogens
Dagga
LSD
Magic Mushrooms
PCP (“Angel dust”)
True or false
Tik is an odorless, crystal-like substance. It is a stimulant that speeds up the functioning of the vital organs
True
How is tik used
It is commonly smoked in a light bulb or a glass pipe called a “lolly”. The crystals are heated in the bulb/pipe and inhaled. It can also be swallowed, injected, or sniffed for an immediate, intense high.
What are some effects of tik
Increased sex drive Loss of concentration Increased energy Decreased appetite Memory loss
What are some symptoms of the use of tik
Dilated pupils Agitation /Aggression Loss of appetite Unusual energy Accelerated speech Weight loss Insomnia
Name a few Symptoms of Alcohol Abuse or “Telltale Signs”
Trembling hands Hangover Vomiting and Nausea Loss of appetite The smell of alcohol on clothes and breath Chewing gum/breath mints Hiding alcohol Secretive behavior - lying, defensive Impaired coordination - e.g. staggering walk. Slowed reflexes - e.g. slurred speech Decreased concentration
What are the Effects of Alcohol?
Drunkenness
Relaxation - relieves anxiety and tension
Impaired judgment and loss of inhibition - more adventurous and not think before he acts
False confidence - more sociable and talkative
Drowsiness
Start off with a happy “buzz” but later - depressed
Double vision - no judgment of distance
Aggression that could lead to violence
Confusion
What does “LSD” stand for
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
A few names for LSD’s are acid, candy caps, sunshine, strawberries smarties
What is an LSD made from
LSD or acid is made in the laboratory and comes from a fungus that grows on rye grains and is called ergot.
Name 3 forms that LSDs come in
It comes in different forms such as white powder, liquid solution, tablet from, and sometimes the LSD solution is injected into blotting paper with cartoon characters printed on them.
What does an LSD do to you
It is a Hallucinogen that makes the individual experience auditory ad visual hallucinations.
How does an LSD affect the body:
Heart beats faster Blood pressure rises Flushing of the skin Trembling Red eyes Vomiting Walking unsteadily There is a great sense of euphoria (extreme happiness) You might feel anxious, desperate or angry
What are the psychological effects of an LSD
LSD Changes happen within 30 - 40 minutes of taking acid.
May feel as if you are outside your body
May experience sensory changes - smell, colours and sounds
You will hallucinate - see and hear things that are not true
Some people feel that they have supernatural powers - they think that they can fly
What is a Ritual
A ceremony or event that has religious or traditional importance. They are always carried out in the same way.
What is a Tradition
Something which has been taking place in a culture for a long time and is passed down from generation to generation.
What is a Ceremony
A formal event which is done in a specific way.
All over the world, different cultures celebrate the stages of life in different ways. These celebrations are called
RITES OF PASSAGE
What can Rites of passage include
These rites include:
Birth
Baptism
Marriage
Funerals
These life stages are sometimes celebrated in special ways such as wearing special clothing or eating special foods.
Initiation and confirmation are also rites of passage that mark the transition of childhood into adulthood.
What are the two important functions that rites of passage hav
Rites of passage have two important functions:
They help people understand their new role as an individual and as a member of society.
They help other people to understand the person’s new role and how to treat them differently because of how they have changed.
What is Respect
Treating people in a way that shows that you understand them and care about their well-being.
What is Dignity
Being worthy of respect - a feeling of pride, self-respect and self-worth.
What is Pilgrimage
A journey to a holy place
What is an Atheist
A person that does not believe in a god.
What is Tolerant
An open-minded person who accepts that other people have different religious beliefs.
What are the 4 things you need to look at when choosing a career
ABILITIES AND TALENTS
INTERESTS
PERSONALITY
VALUES
Look at your personal profile
To see your job or something idk
