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GCSE Science > P5 Forces > Flashcards

P5 Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

Define displacement

A

Overall distance travelled in a certain direction

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2
Q

Define vector

A

Have both size and direction
Can be negative

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3
Q

Give examples of scalar quantities

A

Distance
Speed
Time
Mass

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4
Q

Define scalar

A

Has size but no direction
Can’t be negative

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5
Q

Give examples of vector quantities

A

Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Weight
Displacement
Momentum

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6
Q

Define acceleration

A

A change in an objects velocity

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7
Q

What is the upwards force acting on a vehicle on land?

A

Normal contact

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8
Q

What is the upwards force acting on a vehicle on water?

A

Upthrust

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9
Q

What is the upwards force acting on a vehicle in air?

A

Lift

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10
Q

What happens when the gravitational field strength is strong?

A

The weight is larger

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11
Q

What happens when the gravitational field strength is weak?

A

The weight is weaker

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12
Q

What is the equation that links weight, mass and gravitational field strength?

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
(N) (Kg) (N/kg)
W = m x gfs

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13
Q

What type of force is thrust?

A

Contact
Engine provides forward driving force

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14
Q

What type of force is gravitational/ weight?

A

Non contact
Attraction on anything with mass

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15
Q

What type of force is reactionary force?

A

Contact
An equal and opposite reaction force

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16
Q

What type of force is friction?

A

Contact
Force that opposes motion

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17
Q

What type of force is air resistance?

A

Contact
Air particles colliding with a moving object

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18
Q

What type of force is tension?

A

Contact
Force in a stretched or compressed object

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19
Q

What type of force is elasticity?

A

Contact
Restoring elastic force if object is stretched or compressed

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20
Q

What type of force is electrostatic?

A

Non contact
Attraction or repulsion between electric charges

21
Q

What type of force is magnetism?

A

Non contact
Attraction or repulsion between magnetic poles

22
Q

Define contact force

A

The objects are physically touching

23
Q

Define non contact forces

A

The objects are physically separated

24
Q

What happens if the resultant forces equal zero?

A

The forces are balanced

25
Q

What happens to the movement of the object if the resultant force = zero?

A

Either move at a constant speed if already moving
Or remain stationary

26
Q

What happens if the resultant forces do not equal zero?

A

The forces are unbalanced

27
Q

What happens to the movement of the object if the resultant forces does not equal zero?

A

Stationary it will accelerate
Moving and resultant force is in same direction it will accelerate
Moving and resultant force is in opposite direction it will decelerate

28
Q

Define centre of mass

A

Point at which the weight of an object appears to act from

29
Q

How do you work out the centre of mass with an unsymmetrical object?

A

Hang object from a plumb line
Draw plum line onto object
Repeat from different points on the object
Where the lines intersect is the centre of mass

30
Q

What equation links force, mass and acceleration?

A

Force = mass x acceleration
F = m x a
(N) (Kg) (m/s^2)

31
Q

Define precise data

A

Gives similar results if repeated

32
Q

Give equation that links acceleration, final velocity, initial velocity and time taken?

A

Acceleration = final velocity - initial velocity
Time taken

33
Q

Define accurate data

A

How close your data is to the true value

34
Q

How can accurate data be improved?

A

Repeating measurements
Calculating a mean
Drawing a line of best fit
(The closer your points are to your line of best fit the more accurate your results)

35
Q

Define random errors

A

Errors made by carrying out the measuring

36
Q

What do random errors affect.

A

Precision

37
Q

What are some examples of random errors?

A

Reading the instrument incorrectly
Timing incorrectly

38
Q

Define systematic errors

A

Caused by faulty equipment that doesn’t reset to zero properly

39
Q

What does systematic errors affect?

A

Accuracy

40
Q

A larger resultant force leads to

A

A larger acceleration

41
Q

A larger mass leads to

A

A smaller acceleration

42
Q

Define terminal velocity

A

Maximum velocity that a freely falling object will eventually reach

43
Q

What is the equation that links weight, mass and gravitational field strength

A

W = m x g

44
Q

What is stopping distance?

A

Stopping distance is the distance an object travels while attempting to stop

45
Q

What is the equation linking thinking distance, braking distance and stopping distance?

A

Stopping distance = braking distance + thinking distance

46
Q

What are the factors that affect thinking distance?

A

Distraction
Drugs
Alcohol
Eye sight
Tiredness
Age

47
Q

What are the factors that affect braking distance?

A

Condition of brakes
Wet/ icy roads
Condition of tyres
Condition of road

48
Q

What is the method for hooke’s law?

A

Measure the length of the original spring without weights attached
Add more weight to the spring
Wait for the spring to stop moving before measuring
Calculate total extension using

GCSE Science (25 decks)

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