B3 Infection And Response Flashcards
What is a communicable disease?
A disease that is caused by a pathogen and can be passed on from one person to another
What is a non communicable disease?
A disease that cannot be passed on
What factors can affect your health?
Diet
Stress
Mental health
Lifestyle
What is the difference between bacteria and virus?
Viruses are much smaller that bacterial
How are pathogens spread?
By air
By direct contact
By water
Sexual intercourse
By animals
How do we stop the spread of disease?
Wash hands
Isolate
Vaccination
Wear a condom
Destroy the animal
What are the 3 examples of viral diseases?
Measles
HIV/ AIDS
TMV
What are the 3 examples of bacterial diseases?
Salmonella
Gonorrhoea
Crown gall
Name the disease caused by fungus
Rose black spot
Name the disease caused by protist
Malaria
How can you prevent the spread of malaria?
Net
Destroy the vector
Use insecticides
How does your body prevent microorganism entering your body?
Skin
Nose hair
Acid in stomach
How does your immune system defend against pathogens?
Engulf the pathogen
Produce antibodies
Produce antitoxins
What is a vaccine?
A dead or inactive part of the cell
What is herd immunity?
When a large proportion of a population is immune from the spread of a pathogen. The chances of it spreading are small
What is the job of painkillers?
These are taken to treat the symptoms associated with an illness. I.e to lower your body temperature
What is the job of antibiotics?
These work by killing the bacteria that are harming your body
What is the drug extracted from foxgloves trees?
Digitalis which help people with heart problems
What is the drug extracted from willow trees?
Aspirin which can be used as pain relief
What factors make up a good medicine?
Effective
Safe
Stable
Removed quickly from the body
What happens at preclinical trials?
Takes place in a lab using computers, cells, tissues and live animals
What happens at clinical trials?
Use with a small group of healthy volunteers
Use with a small group of unhealthy volunteers
Used with a large group of volunteers
What is a placebo?
A tablet that does not contain any part of the drug
What is a double blind trial?
When neither the doctor or the patients knows whether they are taking the drug or not
