C9 Chemistry Of The Atmosphere

Question 1

What percentage of oxygen is in todays atmosphere?

Answer 1

21%

Question 2

What percentage of nitrogen is in todays atmosphere?

Answer 2

78%

Question 3

What percentage of argon,water vapour, carbon dioxide?

Answer 3

1% together

Question 4

What gases were in the early atmosphere?

Answer 4

Ammonia
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Water vapour

Question 5

What is the summary of how the atmosphere changed?

Answer 5

Volcanoes release carbon dioxide and water vapour
Water vapour condenses to form oceans
Carbon dioxide dissolves into the oceans
Photosynthesis by primitive plants produce oxygen
Levels of carbon dioxide decrease and levels of oxygen in the atmosphere increase

Question 6

What are the three greenhouse gases?

Answer 6

Carbon dioxide
Methane
Water vapour

Question 7

What are the order of events in the greenhouse effect?

Answer 7

Shorter wavelength radiation enters the atmosphere
Radiation is absorbed by the earth
Earths surface radiates different wavelengths
Longer wavelength radiation emitted by the Earth
are absorbed by greenhouse gases to produce temperature increase

Question 8

What are some impacts of global warming?

Answer 8

Sea levels rising
Polar icecap melting
Droughts
Insect outbreaks
Extreme temperatures
Wild fires
Loss of species

Question 9

Define carbon footprint

Answer 9

Carbon footprint is the total amount of CO2 and other greenhouse gases emitted over the full life cycle of a product, service or event

Question 10

What are some ways to reduce your carbon footprint?

Answer 10

Eating less beef
Sending less waste to landfill by recycling more
Charging more tax on polluting vehicles
Using biofuels (plants products burnt as fuel)
Capturing CO2 produced in power stations and storing it in rocks

Question 11

What is the word equation for complete combustion?

Answer 11

Fuel + oxygen ———-> carbon dioxide + water

Question 12

What is the symbol equation for complete combustion?

Answer 12

CH4 + 2O2 ————> CO2 + 2H2O

Question 13

What are the word equations for incomplete combustion?

Answer 13

Methane + oxygen ————> carbon monoxide + water
Methane + oxygen ————> carbon monoxide + carbon dioxide + carbon + water

Question 14

What is the symbol equation for incomplete combustion?

Answer 14

2CH4 + 3O2 ————> 2CO + 4H2O

Question 15

How is carbon dioxide formed?

Answer 15

It is formed by complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels

Question 16

What is the impact of carbon dioxide on environment and people?

Answer 16

Causes global warming as a greenhouse gas

Question 17

How is carbon monoxide formed?

Answer 17

Formed by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in insufficient oxygen

Question 18

What are the impacts of carbon monoxide on the environment and people?

Answer 18

Blocks red blood cells from carrying oxygen

Question 19

How are nitrogen oxides formed?

Answer 19

Formed by N2 and O2 reacting together in the hot engines of a car

Question 20

How are nitrogen oxides impacting the environment and people?

Answer 20

Can trigger asthma, is a poisonous gas and also cause acid rain

Question 21

How is sulfur dioxide formed?

Answer 21

Formed by burning sulfur impurities present in fossil fuels to form O2

Question 22

What is the impact of sulfur dioxide on the environment and people?

Answer 22

Causes acid rain, corrodes engines, poisonous gas

Question 23

How are particulates formed?

Answer 23

Mainly formed in diesel engines from incomplete combustion

Question 24

What impacts do particulates have on the environment and people?

Answer 24

Can damage the lungs and even cause cancer. Global dimming