P1 - Pressure Groups Flashcards
What are the four ways to categorise pressure group influence
Core Insider, Insider, Thresholder and Outsider
What is an example of a core insider groups
British Medical Assosciation
Confederation of British Industry
what is an example of an insider group
AA, British Heart Foundation
What is an example of a thresholder group
Greenpeace
What three ways can a group be an outsider
By issue, by tactic and by choice
Give an example of a group that is outsider by choice
Animal Liberation Front
Class War
Give an example of a group that is outsider by tactic
Extinction Rebellion
Given an example of a group that is outsider by issue
Taxpayer’s Alliance (potential insiders)
what are the four ways to categorise pressure groups on their issues
Causal, Issue, Promotional
Sectional
Dual Functional
New Social Movement
What is a causal group (promotional/issue)
pressure groups that exist to promote a cause
Name a causal group
Stonewall, Greenpeace
What is a sectional group
a pressure group that represents a particular section of society
what is an example of a sectional group
CBI, BMA
what is a dual function group
they represent their members but also try and achieve something that is beneficial for society
what is an example of a dual function group
countryside alliance
what is a new social movement
a loosely organised collection of individuals who share a common interest e.g no membership
what is an example of a new social movement
Extinction Rebellion, Black Lives Matter
Why do pressure groups enhance democracy
Hold Gov to account Representation of Groups (pluralism) Encourages participation (high membership) educate/inform public provide knowledge to government they inhibit the tyranny of the majority
Why do pressure groups inhibit democracy
Government do not need to listen
The wealth of PG often key to success
Chequebook members (only members for the benefits)
‘Fake News’, unaccountability
PGs unaccountable, insider unfair influence
What factors influence PGs success
Wealth/Resources Party in Government (insider or outsider) Membership - skills/knowledge Relevance/Popularity of Issue Competing Groups Organisation
what is an example of pressure groups campaigning for minority groups
Stonewall had been campaigning for decades to get equality for gay people. In 2014, David Cameron legalised gay marriage, which Stonewall had been campaigning on.
what is an example of pressure groups working with the government behind closed doors
the British Bankers Association has very close links with the government. It is suggested that the heavy lobbying done by the group in the aftermath of the banking collapse stopped severe punishments to the banking sector and individual bankers
what is an example of pressure groups stopping things that may be good for others
Opposition to HS2 raised concerns that it could affect house prices and notice levels, and spoil the countryside. Supporters argue that this is outweighed by the economic benefits the line would bring to the country
