P1 - Pressure Groups

Question 1

What are the four ways to categorise pressure group influence

Answer 1

Core Insider, Insider, Thresholder and Outsider

Question 2

What is an example of a core insider groups

Answer 2

British Medical Assosciation

Confederation of British Industry

Question 3

what is an example of an insider group

Answer 3

AA, British Heart Foundation

Question 4

What is an example of a thresholder group

Answer 4

Greenpeace

Question 5

What three ways can a group be an outsider

Answer 5

By issue, by tactic and by choice

Question 6

Give an example of a group that is outsider by choice

Answer 6

Animal Liberation Front

Class War

Question 7

Give an example of a group that is outsider by tactic

Answer 7

Extinction Rebellion

Question 8

Given an example of a group that is outsider by issue

Answer 8

Taxpayer’s Alliance (potential insiders)

Question 9

what are the four ways to categorise pressure groups on their issues

Answer 9

Causal, Issue, Promotional
Sectional
Dual Functional
New Social Movement

Question 10

What is a causal group (promotional/issue)

Answer 10

pressure groups that exist to promote a cause

Question 11

Name a causal group

Answer 11

Stonewall, Greenpeace

Question 12

What is a sectional group

Answer 12

a pressure group that represents a particular section of society

Question 13

what is an example of a sectional group

Answer 13

CBI, BMA

Question 14

what is a dual function group

Answer 14

they represent their members but also try and achieve something that is beneficial for society

Question 15

what is an example of a dual function group

Answer 15

countryside alliance

Question 16

what is a new social movement

Answer 16

a loosely organised collection of individuals who share a common interest e.g no membership

Question 17

what is an example of a new social movement

Answer 17

Extinction Rebellion, Black Lives Matter

Question 18

Why do pressure groups enhance democracy

Answer 18

Hold Gov to account 
Representation of Groups (pluralism)
Encourages participation (high membership)
educate/inform public
provide knowledge to government
they inhibit the tyranny of the majority

Question 19

Why do pressure groups inhibit democracy

Answer 19

Government do not need to listen
The wealth of PG often key to success
Chequebook members (only members for the benefits)
‘Fake News’, unaccountability
PGs unaccountable, insider unfair influence

Question 20

What factors influence PGs success

Answer 20

Wealth/Resources
Party in Government (insider or outsider)
Membership - skills/knowledge
Relevance/Popularity of Issue
Competing Groups 
Organisation

Question 21

what is an example of pressure groups campaigning for minority groups

Answer 21

Stonewall had been campaigning for decades to get equality for gay people. In 2014, David Cameron legalised gay marriage, which Stonewall had been campaigning on.

Question 22

what is an example of pressure groups working with the government behind closed doors

Answer 22

the British Bankers Association has very close links with the government. It is suggested that the heavy lobbying done by the group in the aftermath of the banking collapse stopped severe punishments to the banking sector and individual bankers

Question 23

what is an example of pressure groups stopping things that may be good for others

Answer 23

Opposition to HS2 raised concerns that it could affect house prices and notice levels, and spoil the countryside. Supporters argue that this is outweighed by the economic benefits the line would bring to the country