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Understanding the Self > (P) Lesson 3: The Self in a Psychological Perspective > Flashcards

(P) Lesson 3: The Self in a Psychological Perspective Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to the scientific study of how people behave, think, and feel

A

Psychology

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2
Q

Of relating to, or involving conscious intellectual activity (thinking, reasoning, or remembering)

A

Cognitive

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3
Q

This lobe controls cognitive functions and voluntary movement

A

Frontal

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4
Q

This lobe processes temperature, taste, touch, and movement

A

Parietal

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5
Q

This lobe is responsible for vision

A

Occipital

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6
Q

This lobe controls memories and sensations of taste, sound, sight, and touch

A

Temporal

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7
Q

→ Swiss clinical psychologist
→ Theory of Cognitive Development—was intrigued by children’s thoughts and behavior

A

Jean Piaget

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8
Q

The progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and experience

A

Cognitive Development

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9
Q

Stage where the child interacts with the environment

A

Sensorimotor stage

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10
Q

Stage where the child represents the world symbolically

A

Preoperational stage

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11
Q

Stage where the child learns rules such as conservation

A

Concrete operational stage

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12
Q

Stage where the adolescent transcends concrete situations and thinks about the future

A

Formal operational stage

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13
Q

→ Professor Emerita of Psychology at the University of Denver
→ Theory of Achievement Motivation based on a person’s feelings of personal competence
→ Competence motivation increases when a person successfully masters a task

A

Susan Harter

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14
Q

→ Believes in the “I” (subjective) and “me” (objective) theory
→ Pragmatism and functionalism shape his theories on the world and his mission to seek out both the practical value and functions of behaviors

A

William James

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15
Q

Is this “I” or “Me”?

→ knows who they are and what they have accomplished in life (metaphysical)
→ the existential and self
→ is subjective and cannot be further divided
→ it leads to your concept of “self esteem”

A

I

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16
Q

Is this “I” or “Me”?

→ a separate individual a person refers to when talking about their personal experiences (phenomenological)
→ is experimental and objective
→ it can be further divided

A

Me

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17
Q

This provides continuity of different timelines, allowing us to view ourselves to have a consistent, individual identity, brought about by the stream of consciousness

A

Pure Ego

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18
Q

This is the type of self that belongs to a person

A

Material Self

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19
Q

This is the type of self that marks who you are in a social context such as actions, thoughts, emotions, etc.

A

Social Self

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20
Q

This is the type of self that refers to who we are at our core (personality, values, and conscience)

A

Spiritual Self

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21
Q

The judgement or opinion we hold about ourselves; extent to which we perceive ourselves to be worthwhile and capable

A

Self-esteem

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22
Q

He agreed to Maslow’s concepts but added that for a person to grow, they need an environment that gives them: authenticity, acceptance, and empathy

A

Carl Rogers

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23
Q

Refers to openness and self-disclosure

A

Authenticity

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24
Q

Refers to being seen with unconditional positive regard

A

Acceptance

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25
Q

Refers to being listened to and understood

A

Empathy

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26
Q

T or F: If your environment doesn’t provide the three things Carl Rogers has stated, one will tend to shape their environment into becoming one that caters to them

A

False (one will tend to look for an environment that does fit the criteria somewhere else)

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27
Q

Refers to how we see ourselves and is very important to one’s psychological health

A

Self-image/Self-concept

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28
Q

Refers to the person who we want to be

A

Ideal Self

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29
Q

Refers to what we think about ourselves

A

Self-worth

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30
Q

This is composed of one’s own personal characteristics, social roles, and self-definitions

A

Self-identity

31
Q

These are what comes to your mind when you are asked about who you are; full awareness of yourself is not complete yet

A

Self-concept

32
Q

This characteristic refers to being accepting to both positive and negative experiences

A

Open to experience

33
Q

This characteristic refers to living and appreciating the present

A

Existential living

34
Q

This characteristic shows up when instincts and gut-reactions are paid attention to and trusted

A

Trust your feelings

35
Q

This characteristic refers to when we do not play safe all the time but rather we adjust, change, and seek new experiences

A

Creativity

36
Q

This characteristic refers to being happy and satisfied with life

A

Fulfilled life

37
Q

→ Theory of personality based on traits-formation
→ Considered a founding figure of personality in psychology

A

Gordon Allport

38
Q

This is a single personality trait that directs most of a person’s activities (usually develops late in life); kindness, greed, lust, etc.

A

Cardinal

39
Q

These are major characteristics that make up the core of a person’s personality; funny, hardworking, creative, etc.

A

Central

40
Q

This is a less important personality trait that doesn’t affect behavior as much as the first two; being anxious with a lot of people

A

Secondary

41
Q

→ Theory of transactional analysis based on socialization
→ A way to explain human behavior through social interactions

A

Eric Berne

42
Q

This state happens when info is taken in from parents or parental figures

A

Parent Ego State

43
Q

This state refers to direct responses to the current reality

A

Adult Ego State

44
Q

This state is replayed from childhood and childhood decisions

A

Child Ego State

45
Q

→ Theory of knowledge based on experiences between domains of the self (public or private)
→ “Split off” and “attack syndrome”—happens within organic and rational groups

A

Gregg Henriques

46
Q

The self that is a theater of consciousness and is closely tied to memory

A

Experimental Self

47
Q

The self that is the narrator that tries to make sense of the experience

A

Private self-conscious

48
Q

The self that we project to the public

A

Public self/Persona

49
Q

This filter is used on self-image and the ideal self (aspirations)

A

Rogerian Filter

50
Q

This filter is used on conscience checking (guilt)

A

Freudian Filter

51
Q

→ Theory of the true and false self
→ “Transitional object” and the “importance of play”

A

D.M Winnicott

52
Q

T or F: a true self is created to protect their inner, more vulnerable false self to which they can unconsciously do it at a very young age

A

False (false self is created to protect the true self)

53
Q

T or F: D.M Winnicott highlights the importance of a “mother and a good enough mother” (primary caretakers)

A

True

54
Q

T or F: The mother should stay in the house with the child until they reach high school

A

False (grade school)

55
Q

→ Theory of social learning—importance of observing, modeling, and imitating based on the environment and your psyche
→ It considers how both environmental and cognitive factors influence human learning and behavior

A

Albert Bandura

56
Q

An aspect of human personality that is determined by future assessment of one’s goals; one has the power to control his or her own goals, actions and destiny

A

Agentic Self

57
Q

T or F: Humans function like input-output systems; external stimuli result in general unvarying responses

A

False (SPECIFIC unvarying responses)

58
Q

→ Theory of motivation aka “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”
→ Five categories of human needs dictate an individual’s behavior

A

Abraham Maslow

59
Q

This refers to the growth of an individual toward fulfillment of the highest needs and requires you to set aside subjectivity and practice objectivity

A

Self-Actualization

60
Q

T or F: Avoid experiencing happiness alone, but rather share it to others as well

A

True

61
Q

These are building blocks of knowledge according to Piaget

A

Schemas/schemes

62
Q

According to Piaget, this involves the child’s learning processes to meet situational demands

A

Adaptation

63
Q

According to Piaget, these refer to the increasing sophistication of the child’s thought process

A

Stages of cognitive development

64
Q

This psychologist is associated with the concept of assimilation and accommodation

A

Piaget

65
Q

According to Piaget, this is the application of previous concepts to new concepts

A

Assimilation

66
Q

According to Piaget, this happens when people encounter completely new information or when existing ideas are challenged

A

Accomodation

67
Q

What are the dimensions of the me-self according to Willain James

A

Material
Social
Spiritual

68
Q

According to him, the I self has:
1. Sense of being the agent or initiator
2. Sense of being unique
3. Sense of continuity
4. Sense of awareness of being aware

A

William James

69
Q

According to Allport, these are your essential characteristics that never, ever changes and sticks with you all your life

A

Traits

70
Q

According to him:
1. Every person has three parts called the ego states
2. People communicate with one another assuming roles of any of these ego states

A

Eric Berne

71
Q

What are the ego states according to Berne?

A

Parent, Adult, and Child ego states

72
Q

Child ego state; the child who loves to play but is sensitive and vulnerable

A

Natural child

73
Q

Child ego state; curious child who wants to try everything

A

Little professor

74
Q

Child ego state; one who reacts to the world

A

Adaptive child

Understanding the Self (14 decks)

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