P&L: End Of Sem

Question 1

Define culturally effective communication

Answer 1

• Exchanging information in a way that’s respectful, inclusive, and appropriate in the context of the diverse cultural backgrounds of the people involved
• Includes verbal and non-verbal cues

Question 2

What are the steps to determining if an interpreter is required?

Answer 2

1. Ask a question that requires more than a yes or no answer
2. Ask the patient to rephrase something in their own words
3. If ANY doubt, book an interpreter (can help to frame as deficiency in the Doctor’s understanding, as this can prevent embarassment etc.)

Question 3

True or false: interpreters are free in healthcare settings in Australia

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What are some considerations when using an interpreter (incl. phone)?

Answer 4

• Speak directly to the patient, not to the interpreter
• Give non-verbal reassurance
• Place phone between patient and doctor, so both can be heard by the phone interpreter
• Pause frequently to allow the interpreter to keep up

Question 5

Clinical yarning is a form of ____-_____ communication that creates a feeling of _____ _____

Answer 5

Clinical yarning is a form of patient-centered communication that creates a feeling of cultural safety.

Question 6

What is “yarning”? What are the three kinds of clinical yarning?

Answer 6

• Yarning is a relaxed style of conversation, designed to increase patient comfort during doctor-patient interactions
• We have social yarn (rapport-building), diagnostic yarn (let the patient tell their story) and management yarn (discuss mgmt/next steps; may use stories or metaphors)

Question 7

What are some barriers indigenous people may face when trying to access healthcare?

Answer 7

• Experiencing racism
• Mistrust of the health system (?generational)
• Overuse of jargon
• Differences in worldview
• Poor non-verbal communication

Question 8

What are some ethical aspects of health equity?

Answer 8

• Recognition of systemic inequities
• Distributive justice
• Beneficence (trying to do best based on fundamental needs)

Question 9

What roles does the individual doctor play in health equity and resource allocation?

Answer 9

• To ensure equity, a doctor should consider the individual needs of each patient, taking into account systemic imbalances that may exist
• By allocating resources in a way that reflects these differences in circumstances, we ensure equity

Question 10

What is Stewardship in healthcare?

Answer 10

• Thoughtful allocation of resources
• Avoidance of low-value allocation, encouragement of prevention, maximising equity wherever possible