Live Lecture: Endocrine System Anatomy - Introduction and Overview Flashcards
1
Q
How many hormones are produced in the posterior lobe of the pituitary
A
- None (trick Q)
- ADH and oxytocin are made in the supraoptic/paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei
2
Q
Which of acidophilic/basophilic ant pituitary cells produce direct/indirect acting hormones?
A
Acidophilic: direct acting (prolactin, GH)
Basophilic: indirect acting
3
Q
How are thyroid hormones stored in the thyroid?
A
- EXTRAcellularly
- Surrounded by epithelial cells
4
Q
What is the action of calcitonin? How does it do this? From what cells is it secreted, and where?
A
- Released from C Cells
- Achieves this by inhibiting osteoclasts
- Decreases “tones in” blood calcium levels
5
Q
Where is PTH produced? What is its action?
A
- Produced in the parathyroid, on the posterior surface of the thyroid; chief cells
- Increases blood calcium (alongside Vit D3)
6
Q
What are the names of the three arteries that supply the adrenals?
A
Superior, middle, and inferior suprarenal.
7
Q
Describe how follicles produce oestrogen in the ovaries
A
- Theca interna cells produce androgens
- Cross into the granulosa cells that surround the oocyte, where aromatases convert the androgens to oestrogen
8
Q
True or false: testosterone is produced by cells in the seminiferous tubules?
A
- No
- It’s produced in leydig cells, which are found outside the seminiferous tubules
