Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Funds I Theory > Oxygenation Key Points > Flashcards

Oxygenation Key Points Flashcards

1
Q

Adventitious

A

abnormal breath sound heard over the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alveoli

A

small air sacs at end of terminal bronchioles that are the site of gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Angina

A

temporary imbalance between the amount of oxygen needed by the heart and the amount delivered to heart muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Arterial Blood Gas

A

diagnostic test examining arterial blood

used to determine the pressure exerted by oxygen and CO2 in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion or collapse of a part of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Atria

A

upper chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atrioventricular Bundle

A

bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from atrioventricular node to the ventricles, causing them to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Atrioventricular node

A

node of specialized heart muscle located in septal wall of right atrium

receives impulses from sinoatrial node and transmits them to the atrioventricular bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bronchial

A

heard over larynx and trachea

are HIGH-PITCHED, harsh blowing sounds, with sound on expiration being longer than inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bronchodilator

A

medication that relaxes contractions of smooth muscles of the bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bronchovesicular

A

normal breath sounds heard over mainstem bronchus

LOW PITCHED, HOLLOW moderate blowing sounds with inspiration and expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Capnography

A

method to monitor ventilation and indirectly blood flow through the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cardiopulmonary

A

relating to the heart and the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cardiovascular

A

relating to the heart and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cilia

A

microscopic, hair-like projections that move mucous toward upper airway so that it can be expectorated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Crackles

A

fine, crackling sounds made as air moves through wet secretions in the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Endotracheal Tube

A

polyvinyl-chloride airway that is inserted through the nose or mouth into trachea using larynogoscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hyperventilation

A

more than normal amount of air entering and leaving lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hypoventilation

A

decreased rate and depth of air movement into lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hypoxemia

A

deficient oxygenation of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hypoxia

A

inadequate amount of oxygen available to the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Internal Respiration

A

exchange of O2 and CO2 between circulating blood and tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ischemia

A

deficiency of blood in a particular area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Oxygenation

A

process of providing cells life-sustaining oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Perfusion
oxygenated capillary blood passes through the tissues of the body
26
Pleural Friction Rub
HARSH, grating, LEATHERY sound caused by inflamed pleura
27
Pulmonary Ventilation
movement of air into and out of lungs
28
Pulse Oximetry
noninvasive technology that measures O2 Sat (SaO2) of arterial blood
29
Respiration
gas exchange between alveoli and blood in capillaries
30
Rhonchi
low pitched, RUMBLE, SNORING sound narrow airway in trachea or bronchi clears w/ coughing
31
Sinoatrial node
mass of tissue in upper right atrium, below opening of superior vena cava, that initiates transmission of electrical impulses, causing heart contractions AKA PACEMAKER
32
Spirometer
instrument used to measure lung capacity and volume
33
Sputum
respiratory secretion expelled by coughing or clearing throat
34
Stridor
high pitched, WHEEZING mostly heard on inspiration disrupted airflow in larynx or trachea
35
Surfactant
detergent-like phospholipid that reduces surface tension of fluid lining alveoli
36
Tracheal
harsh hollow sounds heard over trachea (NORMAL)
37
Tracheostomy
artificial opening made in trachea through which tracheostomy tube is inserted
38
Ventricles
lower chambers of the heart
39
Vesicular
normal sound of respirations heard on auscultation over peripheral lung areas LOW-PITCHED BLOWING
40
Wheezes
continuous, high-pitched squeak or MUSICAL sound made as air moves through NARROWED or partially obstructed airway passages
41
If a problem exists in ventilation, respiration, or perfusion, what might occur?
hypoxia
42
What are the most common symptoms of hypoxia? (9)
dyspnea increase BP w/ small pulse pressure increase RR and pulse rates pallor cyanosis anxiety restlessness confusion drowsiness
43
What other condition could cause hypoxia?
hypoventilation
44
Can hypoxia be a chronic condition?
yes
45
What are the signs and symptoms of chronic hypoxia? (9)
altered though processes headaches chest pain enlarged heart decreased urinary output clubbing of fingers and toes decreased libido (sex drive) weakness of extremity muscles muscle pain
46
What does the amount of blood flowing through the lungs depend on?
the amount of oxygen and other gases that are exchanged
47
Where is perfusion greater in the lungs?
dependent areas; lowest area of the lungs
48
How is the majority of oxygen carried through the blood?
red blood cells as part of hemoglobin
49
Factors that affect oxygenation (6)
level of health developmental considerations medication considerations lifestyle considerations environmental considerations psychological health considerations
50
Healthy lifestyles that promote optimal respiratory functioning (6)
no smoking regular exercise limit alcohol intake healthy diet/weight monitor cholesterol vaccinations
51
Vaccinations that promote optimal respiratory functioning (3)
influenza COVID-19 pneumonia (pneumococcal)
52
Reducing anxiety techniques that promote optimal respiratory functioning in patients (3)
create environment that lessens anxiety use active listening treat patient w/ empathy and nonjudgmental
53
Pullutant free environments that promote optimal respiratory functioning (6)
avoid cities (w/ lots of pollution) avoid second-hand smoke avoid fires or places likely to have fires (ex: California) avoid vacuuming/dusting avoid occupational hazards (mining, farming, painting, cleaners)
54
Maintaining good nutritional habits that promote optimal respiratory functioning (5)
small frequent meals plan breathing treatments before eating (1-2 hrs before) avoid extra added salts wear oxygen while eating avoid fats, salts, sugars
55
Ways to promote comfort for a patient having dyspnea (3)
positioning providing humidified air maintaining adequate fluid intake
56
Positioning for promoting comfort for someone with dyspnea
Fowler's (promotes chest expansion) Tripod (increases lung expansion) Prone (opens up lungs for an acute pt)
57
Considerations for providing humidified air to promote comfort while breathing
clean the air humidifier humidifying removes moisture from respiratory passages (which protects against infection and irritation)
58
Considerations for maintaining adequate fluid intake to promote comfort while breathing
keep secretions thin recommended 2-3 quarts a day
59
Techniques that Promote Proper Breathing (4)
deep breathing incentive spirometer pursed-lip breathing diaphragmatic breathing
60
How does deep breathing promote proper breathing?
used to overcome hypoventilation in nose, out mouth move ribs up while breathing in
61
How does the incentive spirometer help promote proper breathing?
opens up alveoli (atelectasis) provides a visual
62
How does pursed-lip breathing help promote proper breathing?
feeling of control = decreased anxiety prevents collapse of small airways
63
How does diaphragmatic breathing help promote proper breathing?
decreases RR increases alveolar ventilation helps expel as much air as possible
64
Non productive cough
dry cough can be fatiguing/irritating
65
Productive cough
wet cough w/ sputum
66
Coughing is a
cleansing mechanism for respiratory system
67
Voluntary Coughing
forced -combined w/ deep breathing -give frequent reminders -have pt cough before bed
68
Involuntary Coughing
could be caused by: -respiratory infection -respiratory secretion
69
Pharmacological Options for Promoting and Controlling Coughing
expectorants: facilitates removal of secretions by EXPElling it (example: mucinex) cough suppressants: depress cough reflex (don't give if a patient has a productive cough) lozenges: cough drops w/ local anesthetic (numb cough reflex)
70
Performing Chest Physiotherapy for promoting and controlling coughing
percussion, vibration
71
Suctioning the Airway to Promote and Control Coughing
suction mouth or internal airways, done in ICU irritates mucosa and can cause hypoxemia when done in internal airways
72
FiO2
fraction inspired oxygen
73
What does typical room air contain?
Oxygen: 21% Nitrogen: 78% Methane, Helium, CO2: 3 %
74
Nasal Cannula
MOST COMMON basic supplemental oxygen source when pt needs a little extra 1-6 L/min (more than 6L is not effective) use humidifier for any device greater than 4 L/min (oxygen dries out mucosa)
75
Simple Mask
no bag on mask very simple, basic, flexible tubing and mask can attach nebulizer for meds (breathing treatment) holes on each side of mask to allow O2 and CO2 out of mask 6-10 L/min may see in PACU or for mouth breathers
76
Partial-Rebreather
similar to non-rebreather, but has open holes w/out valves on side (which allows for increased O2 levels) bag should be 2/3 way full do NOT let bag collapse 8-11 L/min requires careful monitoring to verify FiO2 rate
77
High Flow Nasal Cannula
high flow O2 max 6-10 L/min green tubing must be humidified (very drying)
78
Face Tent/Shield
much like trach O2 supply comes in and around nose and mouth at least 10 L/min fixed FiO2 28%-100% HUMIDIFY!!!

Funds I Theory (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions