OXYGENATION (CAD/HTN) Flashcards
is the product of the heart rate (HR) and the stroke volume (SV)
is the amount of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute
cardiac output
is the amount of blood ejected by the heart per contraction.
stroke volume
what is the function of coronary artery
Gives oxygenated blood to heart to function normally
what artery is bigger? left or right
right
- Atrium are contracting and filling in the ventricle
is the force used to stretch the muscle fibers; filling of blood in the atria and ventricles
preload
- Is the force the heart must pump against high pressure to push blood out of left ventricle
afterload
stretch
preload
pump against high pressure
afterload
what happens during diastole
o AVV open | SLV close | s2 sound is heard
contraction of both atriums
▪ The ventricles are relaxed; while the atrium are filling the ventricles with blood.
▪ Atrioventricular valves are open for 0.5s while the Semilunar valves are close.
what happens in systole
AVV close | SLV open | s1 sound is heard
contraction of both ventricles |
right ventricle pushes unoxygenated blood going to the lungs
▪ QRS:
➢ Right ventricle pushes unoxygenated blood against the Pulmonary valve towards the lungs for oxygenation.
➢ Left ventricle pushed oxygenated blood against the Aortic valve towards the different systems of the body.
▪ Atrioventricular valves are close while the Semilunar valves open for 0.3s.
QRS are happening where ventricles are contracting
systole
give oxygenated blood to brain anteriorly
carotid artery
give oxygenated blood to brain posteriorly
vertebral artery
The blood vessels and coronary artery are obstructed with lipids, but the flow of blood is still good since it is still a partial obstruction.
atherosclerosis
major cause of Coronary Artery Disease
atherosclerosis
what coronary artery is more prone in lipids accumulation inside artery
left; smaller
When the lumens are constricted it causes high blood pressure; therefore, the amount of blood flow is minimal.
This causes the arteries to make new blood vessels.
collateral circulation
used to know what part of coronary arteries blocked with lipid
cardiac catheterization
if patient keeps on eating = obese, what will happen to the collateral circulation?
Lipids will accumulate - Arterial lumen narrowed - BP increase - Minimal amount of blood pasing
Compensatory mech:
* Gumawa bagong arteries
* Where blood will flow
risk factor can not do anything about it
non-modifiable
risk factor can change
modifiable
risk factor: AGE
NM
how can age be risk factor of CAD
as grow older, BP increases bc of elasticity
risk factor: gender
NM
how can gender be risk factor of CAD
male more affected on CAD
Male deal w/ stressors: smoke/drink
risk factor: Ethnicity
NM
risk factor: family history
NM
how can family be risk factor of CAD
minamana
essentially hypertension